Lasing Interactions Disclose Hidden Modes of Necklace States in the Anderson Localized Regime

Choi, Seung Ho; Byun, Kyung Min; Kim, Young L.

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.7b01110

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Figure illustrates the evolution and fabrications of solution and melt processed DBRs. The top of the Figure displays three well‐known natural DBRs belonging to animal and plant reigns: the mother of pearl, the Panamanian Tortoise beetle exoskeleton, and the Pollia Condensata skin, whose growth is driven by the thermodynamics of spinodal phase separation . The interest in these natural structures leads to their emulation until the development of solution‐based fabrication methods for flexible synthetic DBRs made of polymers and inorganic nanoparticles (Figure ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Functional Solution Processed Planar 1D Photonic Crystals

Lova

Manfredi

Comoretto

2018

Advanced Optical Materials

180

226

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photonic states (PDOS), [2][3][4] which helps explaining the photoluminescence (PL) changes of materials when embedded in the PhC structure.Traditionally, PhCs have been made carving bulky inorganic dielectrics or sem iconductors. These structures are still a hot topic in photonics for optical fibers, light emitting diodes (LEDs), sensors, photo voltaic devices, lasers, discrete and integrated optical components, lightening, and quantum computing. [6] However, new solution processable photoactive materials (e.g., organic semiconductors, quantum dots, hybrid perovskites, and selfassem bling supramolecular systems) stimulated the development of PhCs grown with organic and colloidal materials by solution and melt processes. [7] Among PhCs, distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) are cur rently the most interesting owing to their planar structure which generates a simple optical response that represents a playground to understand deep physical concepts, as described in Sections 2.4 and 4. DBRs are indeed made of alternated thin films of different dielectric materials. This simplicity makes them the only PhCs that can take advantage of large area growths (see Section 3.1). [8] Such fabrication methods are unconceivable with bulky inorganic DBRs and might reduce processing costs and enhance customizability, also on industrial scale, thus adding unprecedented market opportunities. Figure 1 illustrates the evolution and fabrications of solution and melt processed DBRs. The top of the Figure displays three wellknown natural DBRs belonging to animal and plant reigns: the mother of pearl, [9] the Panamanian Tortoise beetle exoskel eton, [10] and the Pollia Condensata skin, [11] whose growth is driven by the thermodynamics of spinodal phase separation. [12] The interest in these natural structures leads to their emulation until the development of solutionbased fabrication methods for flexible synthetic DBRs made of polymers and inorganic nanoparticles (Figure 1). At the base of Figure 1, we also show some applications arose only in the last decades. From left to right: the use of DBRs in functional architecture, in enhance ment of photon absorption for photovoltaic cells and modules, emission control, lasing, and sensing. [7c,13] In this paper we will first briefly review the properties of DBRs and then focus on the reasons that guided the research toward new solutionbased and largearea fabrications, describing current processes used both at the laboratory and largearea scales. We will then review the main applications of these structures comparing the performances of mesoporous inorganic and polymer devices. An overview on the properties and applications of polymer and inorganic planar 1D photonic crystals fabricated from solution is provided here. In the last decades, photonic crystals became technologically relevant for light management, photovoltaics, sensing, and lasing. Such structures are traditionally produced by lithographic and vacuum techniques, but the need to reduce costs and to scale-up the fabrication have lea...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evolution of DBR technologies. From top to bottom: electron microscopy and digital images of natural DBR structures: Mother of pearl (Adapted with permission . Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society), Panamanian Tortoise beetle (Figure adapted with permission .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Functional Solution Processed Planar 1D Photonic Crystals

Lova

Manfredi

Comoretto

2018

Advanced Optical Materials

180

226

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“…Thus, the width of F 1 (x/ The scaling of t D , shown as the blue squares, is similar to the scaling of t 1 for diffusive waves L)/F 1 (1/2) would indicate the dominance of the transport through either isolated states or necklace states for localized waves. The existence of both single peaked localized states and multiply peaked necklace states has been observed in layered media 46 , single mode waveguides 47 , natural materials 48 , and can be created in multimode optical fiber with mode coupling 49 . It is also of great interest to explore the disposition of energy within thin anisotropic scattering media, of importance in biomedical research 50 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion in Translucent Media

Genack

Shi

2018

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

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Diffusion is the result of repeated random scattering. It governs a wide range of phenomena from Brownian motion, to heat flow through window panes, neutron flux in fuel rods, dispersion of light in human tissue, and electronic conduction. It is universally acknowledged that the diffusion approach to describing wave transport fails in translucent samples thinner than the distance between scattering events such as are encountered in meteorology, astronomy, biomedicine, and communications. Here we show in optical measurements and numerical simulations that the scaling of transmission and the intensity profiles of transmission eigenchannels have the same form in translucent as in opaque media. Paradoxically, the similarities in transport across translucent and opaque samples explain the puzzling observations of suppressed optical and ultrasonic delay times relative to predictions of diffusion theory well into the diffusive regime.

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“…In particular, for photonic crystals close to the band edge of a photonic crystal membrane, the formation of Anderson localized modes 4 is a natural consequence of intrinsic disorder. 1 , 2 , 5 − 10 Moreover, when the localization length is shorter than the length of the waveguide, Anderson-localized modes are known to appear. 6 , 7 , 11 The confinement strength, lifetime, and the spatial profile of these modes are statistically controlled by the dimensionality of the system and the strength of the random scattering.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disorder-induced scattering of light is commonly regarded as a loss mechanism as it degrades transmission. − However, scattering can also give rise to localized resonant modes, with a potentially very high quality factor. In particular, for photonic crystals close to the band edge of a photonic crystal membrane, the formation of Anderson localized modes is a natural consequence of intrinsic disorder. ,,− Moreover, when the localization length is shorter than the length of the waveguide, Anderson-localized modes are known to appear. ,, The confinement strength, lifetime, and the spatial profile of these modes are statistically controlled by the dimensionality of the system and the strength of the random scattering. , The quality factors, mode volumes, and Purcell enhancement distributions of localized modes in the Anderson localization regime have been successfully modeled in three dimensions in ref . In an irreversible manner, light-induced oxidation of the surface was used to control such a single localized mode .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Control of Necklace States in a Photonic Crystal Waveguide

et al. 2018

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Resonant cavities with high quality factor and small mode volume provide crucial enhancement of light–matter interactions in nanophotonic devices that transport and process classical and quantum information. The production of functional circuits containing many such cavities remains a major challenge, as inevitable imperfections in the fabrication detune the cavities, which strongly affects functionality such as transmission. In photonic crystal waveguides, intrinsic disorder gives rise to high-Q localized resonances through Anderson localization; however their location and resonance frequencies are completely random, which hampers functionality. We present an adaptive holographic method to gain reversible control on these randomly localized modes by locally modifying the refractive index. We show that our method can dynamically form or break highly transmitting necklace states, which is an essential step toward photonic-crystal-based quantum networks and signal processing circuits, as well as slow light applications and fundamental physics.

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Lasing Interactions Disclose Hidden Modes of Necklace States in the Anderson Localized Regime

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Advances in Functional Solution Processed Planar 1D Photonic Crystals

Advances in Functional Solution Processed Planar 1D Photonic Crystals

Diffusion in Translucent Media

Adaptive Control of Necklace States in a Photonic Crystal Waveguide

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