Late Carboniferous intrusions along the Kalamaili suture zone, southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB): implications for a tectonic switch from subduction to collision

Song, Peng; Wang, Tao; Tong, Ying; Zhang, Jianjun; Huang, He

doi:10.1080/00206814.2022.2098834

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…297-285 Ma) magmatism in this belt is characterized by A-type and I-type granites, mafic dykes, mafic-ultramafic complexes, and bimodal volcanic rocks, the generation of this phase magmatism requires a lithosphere extension and the upwelling of the asthenosphere. It is widely accepted that this magmatism was formed in a post-collision tectonic setting [16,17,24,25,28,41,[76][77][78][79]. This hypothesis is further supported by the Permian post-collisional features, e.g., continental molasse formation, ancient flora, paleomagnetism, regional unconformity, regional transcurrent tectonics [80], and graben or pull apart-related underwater rockslide avalanche accumulation [81].…”

Section: Implications For the Tectonic Transitional Mechanism From Su...mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Some researchers have proposed that they were generated by either oblique subduction or ridge subduction [10,13,18,[21][22][23]. Others have attributed the formation of these mafic-ultramafic complexes to magmatism induced by slab breakoff in a syn-or post-collisional tectonic setting [16,17,[24][25][26][27][28]. Furthermore, some researchers also argued that these mafic-ultramafic magmas were generated in a continental rift setting associated with a mantle plume [10,[29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Late Carboniferous Mafic–Ultramafic Complex Induced by Slab Breakoff in Eastern North Tianshan, Central Asian Orogenic Belt

Gao,

Cheng,

Guo

et al. 2023

Minerals

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The Late Carboniferous to Early Permian is a critical period of the Chinese Tianshan, witnessing the tectonic transition from subduction to post-collisional extension during the final amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The late Carboniferous Mozbaysay mafic–ultramafic complex in the Qijiaojing–Balikun area, eastern North Tianshan, provides important clues for revealing the nature and timing of this tectonic transition. The Mozbaysay complex comprises mainly hornblende gabbros and lherzolites. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon ages of hornblende gabbro yielded a weighted mean age of 306 ± 1.9 Ma for this complex. These mafic–ultramafic rocks have high contents of MgO (up to 30 wt.%), Cr (up to 2493 ppm), and Ni (up to 1041 ppm), but low contents of SiO2 (40.34–47.70 wt.%). They are enriched in LREE and show characteristics of enriched mid-ocean ridge basalts (E-MORB). The relatively high Th/Yb and Ba/Nb ratios imply the mantle sources could have been metasomatized by slab–mantle interaction with aqueous fluids from dehydration of the subducted slab. Thus, these mafic–ultramafic rocks were most likely produced by partial melting of the asthenospheric and lithospheric mantle with a slight influence of slab-derived fluids. Therefore, we suggest that the formation of these Late Carboniferous mafic–ultramafic rocks was triggered by the decompression-induced influx of asthenospheric heat and melting through a slab window during post-collisional slab breakoff. Combined with geological data, the petrogenetic links of the Late Carboniferous mafic–ultramafic rocks in eastern North Tianshan to slab breakoff suggest that the tectonic transition from convergence to post-collision most likely initiated in situ at ca. 306 Ma and lasted to ca. 300 Ma.

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Section: Implications For the Tectonic Transitional Mechanism From Su...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Late Carboniferous Mafic–Ultramafic Complex Induced by Slab Breakoff in Eastern North Tianshan, Central Asian Orogenic Belt

Gao,

Cheng,

Guo

et al. 2023

Minerals

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“…The Dulate‐Baytag arc is composed mainly of early Palaeozoic to Devonian arc‐related igneous rocks, Early Carboniferous volcaniclastic rocks and minor Ordovician metasedimentary rocks (Figure 1c; Long et al, 2012; Xu et al, 2019). The intrusive rocks in the Dulate‐Baytag arc are spatially widespread and dominated by the Devonian (390–370 Ma) and Carboniferous (330–320 Ma) granitoids (Song et al, 2019; Song et al, 2022). The Yemaquan arc is dominated by Devonian to Carboniferous volcaniclastic rocks, with subordinate Ordovician and Silurian meta‐sedimentary rocks and volcanic rocks (Figure 2; Xu et al, 2013; Zhao, Liao, Xiao, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Late Palaeozoic disconformity in the Moqinwula area: Insights into the tectonic evolution and basement nature of the Junggar Block, NW China

et al. 2023

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The recognition of unconformities is important for stratigraphic subdivision and correlation and for determining the timing of tectonic activity and the ocean‐continent transition process. Here, we have identified a Late Palaeozoic disconformity in the Moqinwula area of the northern Junggar Block, NW China. Integrated field relationship observations and sedimentological, biostratigraphical, geochemical and detrital zircon geochronological data, suggest that the underlying Hongliugou Formation is of Devonian age and was deposited in a passive continental margin setting. The overlying Tamugang Formation formed in the Early Carboniferous and was deposited in a foreland basin setting. Integrating the published data and our new work, we suggest a new tectonic evolution model related to the Karamaili ocean‐continent transition process. During the Early Devonian, northward subduction of the Karamaili Ocean plate beneath the East Junggar Belt formed the Yemaquan arc. At this time, a passive margin sequence was deposited on the northern Junggar Block. During the Early Carboniferous, the closure of the Karamaili Ocean resulted from the collision between the Junggar Block and the East Junggar Belt. Foreland basins subsequently developed, forming an extensive unconformity in the accretionary wedge to the north and a disconformity in the relatively rigid and stable Junggar Block to the south. This significant difference in stratigraphic contact relationships confirms that regional convergence‐induced shortening deformation had no significant influence on the northern margin of the Junggar Block, suggesting the existence of a relatively rigid basement, probably an oceanic plateau, under the cover sediments of the Junggar Block.

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“…340-330 Ma) of the Kalamaili Ocean and the collision (ca. 330-320 Ma) between the Jiangjunmiao accretionary complex and Yemaquan arc, a tectonic transition from syn-collisional compression to post-collisional extension (320-300 Ma) occurred during the Late Carboniferous [30,120]. This transition of tectono-thermal regimes is conducive to driving the fluid in deep and forming the hy-drothermal deposits [121].…”

Section: Timing Of Gold Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of these lode deposits, represented by the Shuangquan (24 t Au), Jinshuiquan (10 t Au), Nanmingshui (10 t Au), and Sujiquandong (7 t Au) gold deposits, are confined to a narrow KGB bounded by the NW-NWW-trending Qingshui-Sujiquan and Kalamaili faults (Figure 1C), and are similar to those of Phanerozoic gold deposits in geology and geochemistry [27]. Most studies in this area mainly focused on Paleozoic tectonic evolution, post-collisional magmatism, and intra-continental deformation [28][29][30]. To date, systematic studies on ore geology, mineralogy, fluids and isotope geochemistry, and geochronology are still scarce or remain equivocal in the literature, which limits the understanding of the genetic types and metallogenic regularities of the orogenic gold system in the Kalamaili area, East Junggar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Ore Mineralogy, Fluid Inclusion Geochemistry, and Zircon U-Pb Geochronology of the Nanmingshui Gold Deposit in East Junggar, Xinjiang, Northwest China: Implications for Ore Genesis

Ge,

Gu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Minerals

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The Nanmingshui gold deposit, located in the eastern segment of the Kalamaili gold belt (KGB), is hosted by the sub-greenschist facies rocks of the Lower Carboniferous Jiangbasitao Formation. The genesis of this deposit, however, has been debated for decades because of controversial constraints on the P-T-X conditions and origins of hydrothermal fluid and mineralization age. In this study, we present gold-bearing sulfide compositions, fluid inclusions, H-O isotopes, and the results of hydrothermal zircon U-Pb dating to provide new insights into the genesis of the gold deposit. Three gold mineralization stages are recognized: quartz–pyrite–minor native gold veins (early), quartz–tourmaline–arsenopyrite–pyrite–gold–polymetallic sulfide veins (middle), and quartz–calcite veinlets (late). Gold predominantly occurs as native gold with high fineness ranging from 941 to 944 in sulfides and quartz, and some as solid solutions (Au+) within the lattice of pyrite and arsenopyrite. Three types of primary fluid inclusions are identified in hydrothermal quartz: CO2-H2O (C-type), aqueous (W-type), and pure CO2 (PC-type) inclusions. The early-stage quartz mainly contains C-type and minor W-type inclusions, with total homogenization temperatures (Th) of 220–339 °C, salinities of 0.4–3.7 wt.% NaCl eqv., and bulk densities of 0.66–1.01 g/cm3. All three types of inclusions are observed in the middle-stage quartz, of which the C- and W-type inclusions yield Th values of 190–361 °C, with salinities of 0.4–6.0 wt.% NaCl eqv. and bulk densities of 0.69–0.99 g/cm3. The late-stage quartz contains only W-type inclusions that have lower Th values of 172–287 °C, higher salinities of 1.4–6.9 wt.% NaCl eqv., and bulk densities of 0.79–0.95 g/cm3. Trapping pressures estimated from C-type inclusions in the early and middle stages cluster at 280–340 MPa and 220–310 MPa, respectively, corresponding to metallogenic depths of 10–13 km and 8–11 km. The H-O isotopic compositions (δ18Owater = 1.8–10.9‰, δD = −99 to −62.9‰) and microthermometric data indicate that the ore-forming fluids belong to medium–high-temperature, low-salinity, medium-density, and CO2-rich-H2O-NaCl ± CH4 ± N2 systems, probably originating from metamorphic water. Fluid immiscibility is a crucial mechanism for gold precipitation. Additionally, the U-Pb dating of hydrothermal zircons, from the auriferous quartz–tourmaline vein, yield a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 314.6 ± 9.6 Ma. Taking all of the above, the Nanmingshui deposit can be reasonably classed as a typical mesozonal orogenic gold deposit in the KGB, which was formed in a Late Carboniferous tectonic transition from syn-collision between the Jiangjunmiao accretionary complex and Yemaquan arc to post-collision in the East Junggar Orogen. Our results serve to better understand the gold mineralization and genesis of the Late Paleozoic orogenic system in the Kalamaili area, Xinjiang.

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Late Carboniferous intrusions along the Kalamaili suture zone, southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB): implications for a tectonic switch from subduction to collision

Cited by 8 publications

References 101 publications

The Late Carboniferous Mafic–Ultramafic Complex Induced by Slab Breakoff in Eastern North Tianshan, Central Asian Orogenic Belt

The Late Carboniferous Mafic–Ultramafic Complex Induced by Slab Breakoff in Eastern North Tianshan, Central Asian Orogenic Belt

A Late Palaeozoic disconformity in the Moqinwula area: Insights into the tectonic evolution and basement nature of the Junggar Block, NW China

Ore Mineralogy, Fluid Inclusion Geochemistry, and Zircon U-Pb Geochronology of the Nanmingshui Gold Deposit in East Junggar, Xinjiang, Northwest China: Implications for Ore Genesis

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