Late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Ningxia-Hui Autonomous Region, China

Zhang, Peizhen; Burchfiel, B. C.; Molnár, Péter; Zhang, Weiqi; Decheng, Jiao; Deng, Qi; Wang, Yipeng; Royden, L.; Fangmin, Song

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1990)102<1484:lcteot>2.3.co;2

Cited by 65 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…12a 2020). The Tibetan Plateau's northeastward growth causes the shortening along the NE-SW direction, generating regional uplift, northeastward-convex basin-and-range structures and mountain exhumation related to a NE-SW compressive regional stress regime (Peizhen et al 1990;Shi et al 2019Shi et al , 2020. This observation corroborates the kinematic interpretation of Shi et al (2015a) In our opinion, the growth of the Tibetan Plateau towards the N-NE (Xue & Yan, 1984;Shi et al 2015b) and its extrusion towards the east, as described by Schellart et al (2019), i.e.…”

Section: Structural Interpretation and Geodynamic Implicationssupporting

confidence: 76%

Late Cenozoic faulting deformation of the Fanshi Basin (northern Shanxi rift, China), inferred from palaeostress analysis of mesoscale fault-slip data

et al. 2022

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The Fanshi Basin is one of the NE–SW-striking depocentres formed along the northern segment of the fault-bounded Shanxi rift. In order to understand the crustal driving stresses that led to the basin formation and development, a palaeostress analysis of a large quantity of fault-slip data collected mainly at the boundaries of the basin was accomplished. The stress inversion of these data revealed three stress regimes. The oldest SR1 was a Neogene stress regime giving rise to a strike-slip deformation with NE–SW contraction and NW–SE extension. SR1 activated the large faults trending NNE–NE, i.e. (sub)parallel to the main strike of the Shanxi rift, as right-lateral strike-slip faults. It was subjected to the Shanxi rift before the activation of the Fanshi Basin boundary fault, i.e. the Fanshi (or Wutai) fault, as a normal fault. The next is a short-lived NE–SW extensional stress regime SR2 in early Pleistocene time, which shows the inception of the basin’s extension. A strong NW–SE to NNW–SSE extensional stress regime SR3 has governed the northern segment of the Shanxi rift since late Pleistocene time and is the present-day extension. It gave rise to the current half-graben geometry of the Fanshi Basin by activating the Fanshi (or Wutai) fault as a normal fault in the southern part of the graben. Because of the dominance of the NW–SE to NNW–SSE extension, which is perpendicular to the NE–SW extension, mutual permutations between σ3 and σ2 due to inherited fault patterns might have occurred while the crustal stresses in the Fanshi Basin changed from the SR1 to SR3 stress regimes.

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Section: Structural Interpretation and Geodynamic Implicationssupporting

confidence: 76%

Late Cenozoic faulting deformation of the Fanshi Basin (northern Shanxi rift, China), inferred from palaeostress analysis of mesoscale fault-slip data

et al. 2022

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“…The Haiyuan fault (Fig. A7) emanates from within the northeastern margin of Tibet, west of the Qilian Shan, and trends east to east-southeast for ~1000 km before terminating in the Liupanshan, a minor northsouth range that marks the northeastern edge of Tibet (e.g., Burchfi el et al, 1991;Zhang Peizhen et al, 1990. The eastern ~200 km of the fault ruptured in a devastating earthquake in 1920, with coseismic offsets of ~8 m in the central segment (Zhang Weiqi et al, 1987).…”

Section: Haiyuan Fault Northeastern Margin Of Tibetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major intracontinental strike-slip faults and contrasts in lithospheric strength

2010

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A large fraction of major intracontinental strike-slip faults, defi ned here as those slipping at rates of ~10 mm/yr or more, lie adjacent to relatively strong regions, such as oceanic lithosphere or Precambrian shields. We suggest that such faults form adjacent to discontinuities in strength, because strain in a continuous medium must concentrate near such strong objects. Concentration in strain is enhanced in deforming continua where viscosity is non-Newtonian, and hence where strain rates vary with deviatoric stress raised to a power greater than one, as is the case for rock-forming minerals at low temperatures characteristic of the lithosphere. Conversely, in regions where deformation is spread over a wide region, such as in the Basin and Range Province of the western United States or in the high interior of the Tibetan Plateau, the absence of strong objects may allow deformation to be diffuse without the development of rapidly slipping faults.

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“…This topography does not imply that the lateral extent of the plateau has been constant, or that the entire plateau rose en masse. The relative ages of thrust faulting and folding on the margins of the plateau show it to be growing outward at present [e.g., Burchfiel et al, 1991;Molnar and Tapponnier, 1978;Molnar et al, 1987;Tapponnier et al, 1990;Zhang et al, 1990Zhang et al, , 1991. We suspect that throughout much of its history, the mean crustal thickness, and therefore the mean height, of the highest part of the plateau changed little.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mantle dynamics, uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, and the Indian Monsoon

Molnár¹,

England²,

Martinod³

1993

Reviews of Geophysics

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Convective removal of lower lithosphere beneath the Tibetan Plateau can account for a rapid increase in the mean elevation of the Tibetan Plateau of 1000 m or more in a few million years. Such uplift seems to be required by abrupt tectonic and environmental changes in Asia and the Indian Ocean in late Cenozoic time. The composition of basaltic volcanism in northern Tibet, which apparently began at about 13 Ma, implies melting of lithosphere, not asthenosphere. The most plausible mechanism for rapid heat transfer to the midlithosphere is by convective removal of deeper lithosphere and its replacement by hotter asthenosphere. The initiation of normal faulting in Tibet at about 8 (+_ 3) Ma suggests that the plateau underwent an appreciable increase in elevation at that time. An increase due solely to the isostatic response to crustal thickening caused by India's penetration into Eurasia should have been slow and could not have 1Also at Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

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Late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Ningxia-Hui Autonomous Region, China

Cited by 65 publications

References 0 publications

Late Cenozoic faulting deformation of the Fanshi Basin (northern Shanxi rift, China), inferred from palaeostress analysis of mesoscale fault-slip data

Late Cenozoic faulting deformation of the Fanshi Basin (northern Shanxi rift, China), inferred from palaeostress analysis of mesoscale fault-slip data

Major intracontinental strike-slip faults and contrasts in lithospheric strength

Mantle dynamics, uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, and the Indian Monsoon

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