Late Changes in the Irradiated Microvasculature: An Electron Microscope Study of the Effects of Fission Neutrons

Stearner, S.P.; Devine, R. L.; Christian, E.J.B.

doi:10.2307/3574207

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…More severe vascular damage was also caused by this single dose of 20 Gy, including endothelial-cell oedema with partial obstruction of capillary lumens. The radiation damage to the blood vessels in the bladder was thus substantially the same as that described in other organs (Hopewell, 1974;Stearner et al, 1976). The consequent partial or complete haemostasis, leading to focal areas of ischaemia, doubtless contributed to the widespread necrosis of the bladder muscle seen in these experiments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Early and late morphological changes (including carcinoma of the urothelium) induced by irradiation of the rat urinary bladder

Antonakopoulos¹,

Hicks²,

Hamilton³

et al. 1982

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-Effects of X-irradiating the urinary bladder of female F344 rats with a single dose of 20 Gy were studied by light and electron microscopy. The animals were killed 1 week-20 months post-irradiation, and all tissues of the bladder wall were found to be affected by the irradiation.In the urothelium, damage was initially restricted to the basal cells but slowly extended to intermediate cells, and by 6 months post-irradiation the urothelium was focally hyperplastic. Twenty months post-irradiation, transitional-cell carcinomas were found in 10 of the surviving 17 animals (59%). The blood vessels in the bladder wall showed damage to both the endothelial cells and the smooth muscle. The fibroblasts in the connective tissue of the bladder wall appeared to show increased secretion after irradiation, and there was abundant collagen deposition, resulting in severe fibrosis of the bladder wall. After a latent period of a few months, focal degeneration and extensive necrosis of the smooth muscle cells were seen, leading to severe destruction and disorganization of the muscular coats of the bladder wall.Thus, a single dose of irradiation of 20 Gy was sufficient to produce severe fibrosis of the bladder wall with smooth muscle degeneration and to induce carcinoma of the urothelium in most of the treated animals within 20 months.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Early and late morphological changes (including carcinoma of the urothelium) induced by irradiation of the rat urinary bladder

Antonakopoulos¹,

Hicks²,

Hamilton³

et al. 1982

Br J Cancer

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“…Occasionally, necrosis of the vessel wall, ulcerations, and thrombosis are present. Typical changes observed in small arteries and arterioles include endothelial ulcerations and thrombosis, atheromatous deposits, myointimal proliferation, disruption of the internal elastic membrane, hyalinization of the media, and fibrinoid media necrosis (126). Thickening of the vessel wall may,progress to the point of total occlusion, whereas media necrosis may result in rupture.…”

Section: Vascular Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Radiation Injury of the Small Intestine Clinical, pathophysiologic and radiobiologic aspects: A review

Hauer‐Jensen

1990

Acta Oncologica

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“…0 -2 2 The observed perivascular fibrosis, thickened and multi-layered basal laminae around blood vessels and endothelial damage must all contribute to this phenomenon. In particular, the irradiation-induced oedema of endothelial cells observed here will lead to partial obstruction and reduced oxygenation of the bladder tissues, as has been re orted elsewhere in other irradiated organs.2 25 Where coagulation occurs with complete arrest of the circulation (see Fig. 7), local ischaemia and necrosis are inevitable consequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

The subcellular basis of damage to the human urinary bladder induced by irradiation

Antonakopoulos

Hicks

Berry

1984

The Journal of Pathology

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The effects of x-irradiation on the subcellular structure of the human urinary bladder were investigated by electron microscopic examination of biopsies taken during check cystoscopies from 25 patients between 1 month and 22 years after completion of a course of therapeutic radiation. All tissues of the bladder wall were damaged to some extent by the treatment. In the urothelium this was reflected by the development of more than the usual numbers of lysosomes and autophagic vacuoles in all cell layers. In the bladder wall, large often binucleate or multinucleate fibroblasts were prominent and persistent in all specimens and were associated with the development of progressive fibrosis. The vasculature and the muscle coats of the bladder wall were also damaged. In the blood vessels many endothelial cells were oedematous or necrotic and some intravascular coagulation was also observed. Smooth muscle cells became oedematous soon after irradiation, and after longer time intervals there was focal death and loss of individual muscle cells. The observed degeneration and extensive necrosis of the bladder wall, which involved severe destruction and disorganization of the muscular layers, is sufficient to explain the clinical sequelae of bladder irradiation, namely loss of elasticity, reduced capacity and incomplete micturition with residual urine.

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Late Changes in the Irradiated Microvasculature: An Electron Microscope Study of the Effects of Fission Neutrons

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Early and late morphological changes (including carcinoma of the urothelium) induced by irradiation of the rat urinary bladder

Early and late morphological changes (including carcinoma of the urothelium) induced by irradiation of the rat urinary bladder

Late Radiation Injury of the Small Intestine Clinical, pathophysiologic and radiobiologic aspects: A review

The subcellular basis of damage to the human urinary bladder induced by irradiation

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