Late Glacial and Holocene vegetational and climate changes and their impact on material cultures in the Crimean Mountains (founded on pollen data from cave deposits)

Gerasimenko, Natalia; Bezusko, L.G.; Avdieienko, Yuliia; Yanevich, Alexandr A.

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2021.12.018

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…6300 and 6100 cal. yr BP might indicate a dry phase, which has also been recorded in the Crimean mountains (Gerasimenko et al, 2022). The role of Ulmus was reduced and mixed oak forest with a larger proportion of Fagus and Fraxinus dominated the northern slopes of the mountains.…”

Section: Past Vegetation and Human Influencementioning

confidence: 70%

“…The occurrence of pollen from aquatic plants suggests the presence of wetlands in the study area. The largest proportion of broad-leaved trees in the pollen record might indicate the expansion of broad-leaved forests in the Crimea (Gerasimenko et al, 2022) and the Caucasus (Connor and Kvavadze, 2009; Grachev et al, 2021) between ca. 7900 and 6800 cal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the pollen records indicate relatively dry and cool conditions at the beginning of the Holocene with the prevalence of grasses with xerophytic and halophytic communities, dominated by Artemisia , Amaranthaceae and Asteraceae species, followed by warmer and wetter conditions during the Holocene climatic optimum, characterised by the prevalence of meadow steppe and the spread of riparian woodlands ( Quercus , Ulmus , Tilia , Carpinus betulus, Fraxinus excelsior ). In the Crimea, the Mid-Holocene was marked by the spread of forests from the mountains into the steppe (Gerasimenko et al, 2022), and in the Taman peninsula, mesic steppe and broad-leaved forests dominated the landscape (Bolikhovskaya et al, 2018). Several environmental shifts have been revealed in the Subboreal chronozone with the increase in humidity between 4500 and 4200 14 C yr BP, followed by a significant reduction of forests with the disappearance of Acer from the Lower Dnieper (Kremenetski, 1995) and the spread of Artemisia -grass steppe in the interval 4200–3300 14 C yr BP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Palaeoenvironmental changes in eastern Crimea over the last 7600 years inferred from a multi-proxy study of a sediment archive from Lake Chokrak

Rohozin,

Ljung

2023

The Holocene

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The study presents a multi-proxy archive from hypersaline coastal Lake Chokrak in eastern Crimea, a steppe region which is particularly susceptible to moisture fluctuations. XRF, organic carbon and nitrogen, and palynological analyses are used to reconstruct the evolution of the lake and landscape development around it and to provide information about the driving forces behind those changes, such as climate and human impact. The findings show that the basin was an open marine bay between 7640 and 5500 cal. yr BP. After 5500 cal. yr BP, the low rates of sea-level rise led to gradual infilling of the basin. The prevalence of mesic herb-grass steppe around the site, as well as the expansion of broad-leaved trees in the Crimean mountains, indicate relatively warm and humid climate conditions during the Mid-Holocene. Elemental proxies and marine NPPs point to a transition to lagoonal conditions from 4270 cal. yr BP. The progressive shallowing of the basin was accompanied by the spread of more xeric Artemisia-grass steppe, which suggests a shift to arid conditions. The occurrence of cereal pollen from 3660 cal. yr BP may indicate the first signs of cultivation in the study area. The active build-up of a sand barrier from 3000 cal. yr BP led to a gradual separation of the basin from the sea. By 900 cal. yr BP, the fully-formed sand barrier resulted in a transformation of the lagoon into a hypersaline lake. The closing of the lagoon was accompanied by an expansion of halophytic communities around the site. Human-induced vegetation changes became more pronounced with the development of agrarian and pastoral activities around the site from ca. 750 cal. yr BP.

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Section: Past Vegetation and Human Influencementioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Palaeoenvironmental changes in eastern Crimea over the last 7600 years inferred from a multi-proxy study of a sediment archive from Lake Chokrak

Rohozin,

Ljung

2023

The Holocene

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“…The morphological characteristics of pollen grains are often used in taxonomy as additional diagnostic features (Nowicke 1975; Mosyakin and Tsymbalyuk 2015, 2017, Albach et al 2021; Tsymbalyuk et al 2021a, 2021b, 2022a, 2023; El Ghazali 2022; Kurşat et al 2022; Bahadur et al 2023), as well as for spore–pollen analysis in paleopalynology (Monoszon 1973; Bezusko et al 2003, 2006, 2019; Gerasimenko et al 2022; Usma et al 2022; Ahmad et al 2023). Many authors have reported representatives of the Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae group as allergenic pollen producers (Savitsky et al 1996; Ianovici 2008; Rodríguez de la Cruz et al 2012; Angelini et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic significance of pollen morphology of selected taxa of Bassia , Sedobassia , Spirobassia and Neokochia (Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae sensu APG IV)

2023

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Based on molecular phylogenetic and morphological studies, the new genera Sedobassia Freitag & G. Kadereit and Spirobassia Freitag & G. Kadereit were described in the tribe Camphorosmeae (Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae sensu APG IV). Palynomorphological peculiarities are often used in taxonomy as additional diagnostic features. Pollen grains from 26 herbarium specimens belonging to 13 taxa of Bassia, Sedobassia, Spirobassia and Neokochia genera in Eurasia and North America were acetolyzed and studied using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Dry pollen grains were also studied. The structure of the columellae of pollen grains was analyzed for the first time in the current study. The aim of this research was to provide data on their pollen characteristics and to evaluate the taxonomic value of these data for generic and species-specific identification. The pollen grains are pantoporate, spheroidal in shape, circular in outline, slightly undulate, undulate or straight on the edges; and medium- or small-sized. Pores are circular, with distinct or indistinct margins. Exine sculpture is nanoechinate; tectum psilate or psilate-perforate. Pore membranes with nanoechini. Taxonomic relevance of the most important characters of pollen grains is discussed (pollen diameter, pore number, pore diameter, distance between pores and between pore centers, pollen diameter(C)/distance between pore centers(D) value, nanoechini density, presence/absence of perforations, structure of columellae, number of nanoechini on pore membranes). Pollen morphology proved to be an important additional source of information for species-specific identification. This study provides new data and analyzes the morphological features of pollen grains of Bassia (in the currently accepted circumscription), palynomorphological similarities, and differences between taxa of the genera Bassia, Sedobassia, Spirobassia, and Neokochia.

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Paravani-2, a Late Upper Palaeolithic rock-shelter site in the Javakheti highland, Southern Caucasus (Georgia)

Chataigner,

Arimura,

Agapishvili

et al. 2024

Archaeological Research in Asia

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Late Glacial and Holocene vegetational and climate changes and their impact on material cultures in the Crimean Mountains (founded on pollen data from cave deposits)

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Palaeoenvironmental changes in eastern Crimea over the last 7600 years inferred from a multi-proxy study of a sediment archive from Lake Chokrak

Palaeoenvironmental changes in eastern Crimea over the last 7600 years inferred from a multi-proxy study of a sediment archive from Lake Chokrak

Taxonomic significance of pollen morphology of selected taxa of Bassia , Sedobassia , Spirobassia and Neokochia (Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae sensu APG IV)

Paravani-2, a Late Upper Palaeolithic rock-shelter site in the Javakheti highland, Southern Caucasus (Georgia)

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