Abstract:This study investigates the ostracod assemblages obtained from a sediment core from a paleolake in the Sağlık plain in south-central Anatolia (Turkey). In addition to ostracods, oxygen and.carbon stable isotopes of ostracod shells were analysed and pollen analysis of the core undertaken. The sediments comprise the Late Glacial and early Holocene interval with an approximate 14 C age from 18,000 to 6700 14 C years ago, after applying a correction for reservoir effects. Eight podocopid ostracod species were reco… Show more
“…Likewise, the uncorrected δ 18 O ostrac. signal of the lowland Sağlik II peat record (Sekeryapan et al, 2020) in the northern part of the Levant, albeit a low-resolved curve, reach the most depleted ostracod δ 18 O values between 9 and 7.7 ka. The well-dated lowland Jeita Cave record in central Lebanon shows the most-depleted values for the whole record around 8.5 ka, followed by a sharp δ 18 O drop (less negative values) from 8.5 to 8 ka and then a general decrease with less negative δ 18 O values until 5 ka.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Figure 6.Comparison of the Qadisha record with regional records in the eastern Mediterranean (EM) region. From top to bottom: Sağlik II δ 18 O ostracods , Turkey (Sekeryapan et al, 2020), Qadisha δ 18 O c record, Lebanon (this study) Jeita δ 18 O c record, Lebanon (Cheng et al, 2015), the Summer Insolation curve (Berger and Loutre, 1991), Quercus pollen taxa percentage from El-Jurd core (Cheddadi and Khater, 2016), δ 18 O L Yammouneh record (Develle et al 2010), EM sea-surface temperature (SST), ODP 967 (Emeis et al, 2003; Scrivner et al, 2004), Soreq δ 18 O c record (Bar-Matthews et al, 2003)…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Past spatiotemporal climate variability in the EM is still poorly documented due to unevenly distributed records (Burstyn et al, 2019). Figure 1.(A) Location of Qadisha Cave (this study) and other paleoclimatic records spanning the Holocene: Lisan lake (Torfstein et al, 2013a, 2013b), Soreq Cave (Bar-Matthews et al, 2003; Burstyn et al, 2022), Zalmon Cave (Keinan et al, 2019), Peqiin Cave (Bar-Matthews et al, 2003), Mizpe Shelagim (MS) Cave (Ayalon et al, 2013), Ammiq peat record (Hajjar et al, 2010), Jeita Cave (Verheyden et al, 2008; Cheng et al, 2015), Yammouneh basin (Develle et al, 2010), El-Jurd peat record (Chedaddi and Khater, 2016), Ghab core (Van Zeist and Woldring, 1980; Yasuda et al, 2000), Sağlik peat (Sekeryapan et al, 2020), Incesu Cave (Erkan et al, 2022), Dim Cave (Ünal-Imer et al, 2015), LC21 (Grant et al, 2012), and ODP 967 (Emeis et al, 2003; Scrivner et al, 2004). (B) Maps showing seasonal precipitation amounts in the wider eastern Mediterranean region.…”
New stalagmites from Qadisha Cave (Lebanon) located at 1720 m above sea level provide a high-resolution and well-dated record for northern Mount Lebanon. The stalagmites grew discontinuously from 9.2 to 5.7 and at 3.5 ka, and they show a tendency to move from a more negative oxygen isotope signal at ~9.1 ka to a more positive signal at ~5.8 ka. Such a trend reflects a change from a wetter to a drier climate at high altitudes. The δ13C signal shows rapid shifts throughout the record and a decreasing trend toward more negative values in the mid-Holocene, suggesting enhanced soil activity. In the short-term trend, Qadisha stalagmites record rapid dry/wet changes on centennial scales, with a tendency to more rapid dry events toward the mid-Holocene. Such changes are characterized by overall good agreement between both geochemical proxies and stalagmite growth and might be affected by the seasonal variations in snow cover. The Qadisha record is in good agreement with other Levantine records, showing more humid conditions from 9 to 7 ka. After 7 ka, a drier climate seems to affect sites at both low- and high-altitude areas. The Qadisha record reflects uniquely mountainous climate characteristics compared with other records, specifically the effect of snow cover and its duration regulating the effective infiltration.
“…Likewise, the uncorrected δ 18 O ostrac. signal of the lowland Sağlik II peat record (Sekeryapan et al, 2020) in the northern part of the Levant, albeit a low-resolved curve, reach the most depleted ostracod δ 18 O values between 9 and 7.7 ka. The well-dated lowland Jeita Cave record in central Lebanon shows the most-depleted values for the whole record around 8.5 ka, followed by a sharp δ 18 O drop (less negative values) from 8.5 to 8 ka and then a general decrease with less negative δ 18 O values until 5 ka.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Figure 6.Comparison of the Qadisha record with regional records in the eastern Mediterranean (EM) region. From top to bottom: Sağlik II δ 18 O ostracods , Turkey (Sekeryapan et al, 2020), Qadisha δ 18 O c record, Lebanon (this study) Jeita δ 18 O c record, Lebanon (Cheng et al, 2015), the Summer Insolation curve (Berger and Loutre, 1991), Quercus pollen taxa percentage from El-Jurd core (Cheddadi and Khater, 2016), δ 18 O L Yammouneh record (Develle et al 2010), EM sea-surface temperature (SST), ODP 967 (Emeis et al, 2003; Scrivner et al, 2004), Soreq δ 18 O c record (Bar-Matthews et al, 2003)…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Past spatiotemporal climate variability in the EM is still poorly documented due to unevenly distributed records (Burstyn et al, 2019). Figure 1.(A) Location of Qadisha Cave (this study) and other paleoclimatic records spanning the Holocene: Lisan lake (Torfstein et al, 2013a, 2013b), Soreq Cave (Bar-Matthews et al, 2003; Burstyn et al, 2022), Zalmon Cave (Keinan et al, 2019), Peqiin Cave (Bar-Matthews et al, 2003), Mizpe Shelagim (MS) Cave (Ayalon et al, 2013), Ammiq peat record (Hajjar et al, 2010), Jeita Cave (Verheyden et al, 2008; Cheng et al, 2015), Yammouneh basin (Develle et al, 2010), El-Jurd peat record (Chedaddi and Khater, 2016), Ghab core (Van Zeist and Woldring, 1980; Yasuda et al, 2000), Sağlik peat (Sekeryapan et al, 2020), Incesu Cave (Erkan et al, 2022), Dim Cave (Ünal-Imer et al, 2015), LC21 (Grant et al, 2012), and ODP 967 (Emeis et al, 2003; Scrivner et al, 2004). (B) Maps showing seasonal precipitation amounts in the wider eastern Mediterranean region.…”
New stalagmites from Qadisha Cave (Lebanon) located at 1720 m above sea level provide a high-resolution and well-dated record for northern Mount Lebanon. The stalagmites grew discontinuously from 9.2 to 5.7 and at 3.5 ka, and they show a tendency to move from a more negative oxygen isotope signal at ~9.1 ka to a more positive signal at ~5.8 ka. Such a trend reflects a change from a wetter to a drier climate at high altitudes. The δ13C signal shows rapid shifts throughout the record and a decreasing trend toward more negative values in the mid-Holocene, suggesting enhanced soil activity. In the short-term trend, Qadisha stalagmites record rapid dry/wet changes on centennial scales, with a tendency to more rapid dry events toward the mid-Holocene. Such changes are characterized by overall good agreement between both geochemical proxies and stalagmite growth and might be affected by the seasonal variations in snow cover. The Qadisha record is in good agreement with other Levantine records, showing more humid conditions from 9 to 7 ka. After 7 ka, a drier climate seems to affect sites at both low- and high-altitude areas. The Qadisha record reflects uniquely mountainous climate characteristics compared with other records, specifically the effect of snow cover and its duration regulating the effective infiltration.
“…The In Anatolia, Turkey, ostracods from the palaeolake Sağlık were used to show that the Neolithic Halaf culture first settled in the Kahramanmaraş Valley during a wetter period in the mid-Holocene and persisted into a drier period (Sekeryapan et al, 2020).…”
Ostracods as bioindicators are extremely useful for reconstructing palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate and can also indicate the provenance of sediments and materials, for example, in studies on ancient commercial networks. Ostracods are small crustaceans that live in almost all aquatic habitats, both natural and man‐made. Due to their calcitic carapace, they have high fossilization potential, and their use in geoarchaeology has been steadily increasing during the last decades. Their small size needs mean that only small volumes of sediment samples are needed, and species‐specific ecological tolerances and preferences allow detailed palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. Typical methods of their application are palaeoecological analyses of associations based on ecological information and taphonomy, morphometric variability and stable isotope and chemistry analyses of their shells. The present paper aims to present an overview of applications of non‐marine ostracods in (geo‐)archaeological research, recommending sampling and analytical techniques for addressing archaeological research questions on palaeoclimate, habitat and landscape changes, water availability and quality, land use and other anthropogenic impacts, the provenance of materials and commercial networks to promote the application of Ostracoda in geoarchaeology/environmental archaeology.
“…Many inland lake sediments and cave deposit were used to reveal long term environmental and climatic changes in this region. The last major climatic transition, like in most cool-temperate regions, occurred around the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary (Sekeryapan et al 2020) as a result of complex interactions between orbital forcing, atmosphere, ocean and land surface conditions. During the early Holocene, climate was warm (Göktürk et al 2011;Roberts et.…”
Lagoons are dynamic systems, making ecosystem management difficult. Paleolimnological approach is the only way to track past long term environmental changes and background conditions that are essential to build environmental management plans. Here, we investigated a sediment record from Sarıkum Lagoon, on the Black Sea coastal plain in North Anatolia, through a multiproxy paleolimnological approach to reveal long term environmental change and background conditions in the lake. For which, dry weight, organic and carbonate carbon, chlorophyll a (including its main diagenetic products), magnetic susceptibility and ostracod analysis were undertaken. The core was dated via radionuclide technique. At around 30 cm of the sediment record, there are abrupt transitions in all proxies, indicating a massive sediment input, a transition from transitional water to lacustrine environment, and lake’s biota also changed. Biological proxies preserved in the sediments suggest that the latest zone, after this event, is represented by lacustrine and hydrologically more isolated conditions from the Black Sea. Whatever the reason of that event (e.g. earthquake, flood), Sarıkum Lagoon has had lacustrine conditions during the last ~ 2 and half centuries following that abrupt event. This long term environmental change information should be considered while making future ecosystem management and conservation plans for the lake. (e.g. keep the lake connected with the Black Sea).
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