Late Holocene glacial advance and ice shelf growth in Barilari Bay, Graham Land, west Antarctic Peninsula

Christ, Andrew J.; Talaia-Murray, Manique; Elking, Natalie; Domack, Eugene W.; Leventer, Amy; Lavoie, Caroline; Brachfeld, Stefanie; Yoo, Kyu‐Cheul; Gilbert, Robert G.; Jeong, Sun-Mi; Petrushak, S.; Wellner, Julia S.

doi:10.1130/b31035.1

Cited by 42 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Western-coast nAP glacier front retreats, elevation losses, and accelerations have been documented (Cook and Vaughan, 2005;Pritchard and Vaughan, 2007;Kunz et al, 2012;Christ et al, 2014), with a major pulse of retreat beginning in the 1970s. Moreover, our work here shows that ongoing ice front losses within the study period behave much like smaller versions of the eastern-side glaciers impacted by ice shelf and glacier front retreat (Table 1; Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). The earlier losses inferred for the western-side fjord glaciers (e.g., Christ et al, 2014) appear to have now propagated throughout the entirety of the western basins, leading to significant and widespread surface lowering in the western upper catchment areas (> 1000 m a.s.l.) at greater rates than for the eastern side on average (Tables 1 and S2 (Potocki et al, 2011;Goodwin, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detailed ice loss pattern in the northern Antarctic Peninsula: widespread decline driven by ice front retreats

Scambos¹,

Berthier

Haran³

et al. 2014

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. The northern Antarctic Peninsula (nAP, < 66 • S) is one of the most rapidly changing glaciated regions on earth, yet the spatial patterns of its ice mass loss at the glacier basin scale have to date been poorly documented. We use satellite laser altimetry and satellite stereo-image topography spanning 2001-2010, but primarily 2003-2008, to map ice elevation change and infer mass changes for 33 glacier basins covering the mainland and most large islands in the nAP. Rates of ice volume and ice mass change are 27.7 ± 8.6 km 3 a −1 and 24.9±7.8 Gt a −1 , equal to −0.73 m a −1 w.e. for the study area. Mass loss is the highest for eastern glaciers affected by major ice shelf collapses in 1995 and 2002, where twelve glaciers account for 60 % of the total imbalance. However, losses at smaller rates occur throughout the nAP, at both high and low elevation, despite increased snow accumulation along the western coast and ridge crest. We interpret the widespread mass loss to be driven by decades of ice front retreats on both sides of the nAP, and extended throughout the ice sheet due to the propagation of kinematic waves triggered at the fronts into the interior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed ice loss pattern in the northern Antarctic Peninsula: widespread decline driven by ice front retreats

Scambos¹,

Berthier

Haran³

et al. 2014

The Cryosphere

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“…For example, the sea surface temperature record from Palmer Deep off Anvers Island suggests a pronounced climate warming of~3°C at 1600-500 cal B.P. Lastly, fluctuating glacial ice extent was documented for the last millennium in the western AP from a few terrestrial and marine records, including ice retreat around the Medieval time [e.g., Smith, 1982;Hall et al, 2010;Guglielmin et al, 2016] followed by an advance around the time of the "LIA" [e.g., Christ et al, 2015]. A recent synthesis of Antarctica-wide temperature reconstructions from 11 ice core records shows a slight cooling of <1°C after 1000 cal B.P.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformations of landscape and peat‐forming ecosystems in response to late Holocene climate change in the western Antarctic Peninsula

Beilman

Loisel

2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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We used subfossil mosses and peats to document changes in regional climate, cryosphere, and terrestrial ecosystems in the western Antarctic Peninsula at ~65°S latitude. We find that most peat forming ecosystems have initiated since 2800 cal B.P., in response to warmer summers and increasing summer insolation. The period at 900–600 cal B.P. was coldest as indicated by ice advance, abundance of kill ages from ice‐entombed mosses exposed recently from retreating glacial ice, and apparent gap in peatbank initiation. Furthermore, the discovery of a novel Antarctic hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica) peatland at 2300–1200 cal B.P. from the mainland Antarctic Peninsula suggests a much warmer climate than the present. A warming and wetting climate in the 1980s caused very high carbon accumulation in a Polytrichum strictum moss peatbank. Our results document dramatic transformations of landscape and ecosystems in response to past warmer climate, providing a telltale sign for what may come in the future.

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“…In Antarctica, there has been less published research associating geomorphology and the LIA. Christ et al (2014) observed these same set of features in the ice proximal region of Barilari Bay (Fig. 12j) and referred to them as a "fluted grounding zone wedge".…”

Section: Possible Late Holocene Glacial Advancementioning

confidence: 84%

“…12j) and referred to them as a "fluted grounding zone wedge". They suggest a cooling and glacial advance between AD 1220 and AD 1868 (Christ et al, 2014) based on sedimentological analysis and 210 Pb and radiocarbon dates. Garcia et al (2016) describe the geomorphology of a western AP fjord near Marguerite Bay, south of our study area.…”

Section: Possible Late Holocene Glacial Advancementioning

confidence: 99%

Seafloor geomorphology of western Antarctic Peninsula bays: a signature of ice flow behaviour

Munoz

Wellner

2018

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. Glacial geomorphology is used in Antarctica to reconstruct ice advance during the Last Glacial Maximum and subsequent retreat across the continental shelf. Analogous geomorphic assemblages are found in glaciated fjords and are used to interpret the glacial history and glacial dynamics in those areas. In addition, understanding the distribution of submarine landforms in bays and the local controls exerted on ice flow can help improve numerical models by providing constraints through these drainage areas. We present multibeam swath bathymetry from several bays in the South Shetland Islands and the western Antarctic Peninsula. The submarine landforms are described and interpreted in detail. A schematic model was developed showing the features found in the bays: from glacial lineations and moraines in the inner bay to grounding zone wedges and drumlinoid features in the middle bay and streamlined features and meltwater channels in the outer bay areas. In addition, we analysed local variables in the bays and observed the following: (1) the number of landforms found in the bays scales to the size of the bay, but the geometry of the bays dictates the types of features that form; specifically, we observe a correlation between the bay width and the number of transverse features present in the bays. (2) The smaller seafloor features are present only in the smaller glacial systems, indicating that short-lived atmospheric and oceanographic fluctuations, responsible for the formation of these landforms, are only recorded in these smaller systems. (3) Meltwater channels are abundant on the seafloor, but some are subglacial, carved in bedrock, and some are modern erosional features, carved on soft sediment. Lastly, based on geomorphological evidence, we propose the features found in some of the proximal bay areas were formed during a recent glacial advance, likely the Little Ice Age.

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Late Holocene glacial advance and ice shelf growth in Barilari Bay, Graham Land, west Antarctic Peninsula

Cited by 42 publications

References 72 publications

Detailed ice loss pattern in the northern Antarctic Peninsula: widespread decline driven by ice front retreats

Detailed ice loss pattern in the northern Antarctic Peninsula: widespread decline driven by ice front retreats

Transformations of landscape and peat‐forming ecosystems in response to late Holocene climate change in the western Antarctic Peninsula

Seafloor geomorphology of western Antarctic Peninsula bays: a signature of ice flow behaviour

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