Late Holocene Hyrcanian forest and environmental dynamics in the mid-elevated highland of the Alborz Mountains, northern Iran

Totmaj, Leila Homami; Alizadeh, Kammaledin; Giahchi, Panthea; Khatooni, Javad Darvishi; Behling, Hermann

doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2021.104507

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…950-1250 AD or 1000-700 cal yr BP (Ruddiman 2001). Several records document this period as the warmest of the late Holocene (Ramezani 2013;Haghani et al 2015;Homami Totmaj et al 2021).…”

Section: Period 1180-1010 Cal Yr Bp (778-940 Ad Subzone Khl-ai)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, frequent fires during the Iron Age and later intensive grazing documented long-term human activities around the mire. Based on the newly published study (Homami Totmaj et al 2021) at the midelevated Hyrcanian forest, humans influenced the area since the beginning of the record (ca. 1690 cal yr BP), though the strongest human impact dates back to ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Holocene paleoenvironmental changes inferred from multi-proxy studies of the Kholasht-Kouh Lake sediments in the Gilan mountains, northern Iran

2022

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Past vegetation and environmental changes and the role of climate as well as human activities are of major interest. The Hyrcanian region with a high number of endemic species has a poorly known paleoenvironmental history, especially the western region of northern Iran. This study aims to investigate a radiocarbon-dated sediment core of the Kholasht-Kouh Lake (KHL) for the recorded between ca. 510 and 1180 cal yr BP. KHL is located at 2000 m elevation and surrounded with steppe vegetation above the present-day forest line. Multi-proxy analyses including pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs, charcoal, loss on ignition, and X-ray fluorescence were applied to reconstruct past environmental dynamics. The results indicate the dominance of herbaceous vegetation (mainly Poaceae, Artemisia, and Amaranthaceae) around the lake during the whole record, except for the period between 1010 and 740 cal yr BP. During this period of the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (1000–700 cal yr BP) mixed forest increased, consisting mainly of Quercus, Fagus, Carpinus, and Juniperus. The K, Ti and Si elements (as indicators for increased in detrital inputs) suggest relatively humid condition between 1180 and 1010 cal yr BP. Furthermore, higher lake levels may indicate from low values of the Mn/Ti, Ca/Ti and Sr/Ti ratios. After 1010 until 740 cal yr BP the highest value of the Si/Fe ratio, suggested warmest period of the record. While the lowest value of the Si/Fe ratio, in line with the reduction of other elements and ratios, between 740 till 510 cal yr BP represented cold and dry period. Humans were present around the study area at least since beginning of the record, but did not played an important role impacting the vegetation.

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“…950-1250 AD or 1000-700 cal yr BP (Ruddiman 2001). Several records document this period as the warmest of the late Holocene (Ramezani 2013;Haghani et al 2015;Homami Totmaj et al 2021).…”

Section: Period 1180-1010 Cal Yr Bp (778-940 Ad Subzone Khl-ai)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Holocene paleoenvironmental changes inferred from multi-proxy studies of the Kholasht-Kouh Lake sediments in the Gilan mountains, northern Iran

2022

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“…These forests form the outermost boundary of the west-Eurasian deciduous forests to alpine thorn cushion corridors and forest-free dry vegetation of the Iranian highlands and Central Asia (Akhani et al, 2010;Tohidifar et al, 2016). Recognition of these forests as a World Heritage site will increase the worldwide popularity of these forests, which additionally can enhance the realization of the people in the region of their outstanding heritage through awareness raising and exchange of experiences with other world heritage sites (Tohidifar et al, 2016;IUCN Evaluation Report, 2023;Homami Totmaj et al, 2020). UNESCO World Systematics 2024  10 (1) Heritage List in Hyrcanian forests are located in 15 regions including Golestan National Park, Abr Forest, Jahan-Nama Forest, Bula Forest, Alimestan Forest, Vaz Forest, Kojur region of Nowshahr, Chahar-Bagh region of Chalus, Khoshkeh Daran forest, Gasht-e Rudkhan, Siahrudbar of Gilan, Lisar protected area with a rich plant and animal variety (Vakili et al, 2021;Nourzad Moghaddam et al, 2018;Homami Totmaj et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New records of springtails (Hexapoda, Collembola) for Iran from the Bula Hyrcanian forest

Shayanmehr,

Yoosefi Lafooraki,

Tully

et al. 2024

J. Insect Biodivers. Syst

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The present study reports new records of the Collembola (Arthropoda: Hexapoda) from the Bula Hyrcanian forest located in Mazandaran province, north of Iran. The results show two genera Spatulosminthurus Betsch & Betsch-Pinot, 1984 (Sminthuridae) and Wankeliella Rusek, 1975 (Tullbergiidae) and five species including Anurophorus alpinus Potapov & Stebaeva, 1990 (Isotomidae), Pseudosinella cf. decipiens Denis, 1924 and P. immaculata (Lie Pettersen, 1896) (Entomobryidae), Superodontella tyverica Kaprus, 2009 (Odontellidae), and Wankeliella bescidica Smolis & Skarżyński, 2004 (Tullbergiidae) are new records for Collembola fauna of Iran.

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“…It was based on pollen studies conducted in the 1970s that determined the presence of the forest on the shores of Lake Sevan in the middle Holocene. While the proportion of forest cover (35%) given by Sayadyan (2011) is highly debatable, its regression is a common feature documented in the Lesser Caucasus mountain ranges (Cromartie et al, 2020;Joannin et al, 2014a;Messager et al, 2013;Robles et al, 2022), the Alborz (Alinezhad et al, 2021;Homami Totmaj et al, 2021;Ramezani et al, 2021), the Zagros (Stevens et al, 2006(Stevens et al, , 2001 and Anatolia (Roberts et al, 2011;Wick et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First pollen record from the Late Holocene forest environment in the Lesser Caucasus

Joannin¹,

Capit²,

Ollivier

et al. 2022

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

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Late Holocene Hyrcanian forest and environmental dynamics in the mid-elevated highland of the Alborz Mountains, northern Iran

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Late Holocene paleoenvironmental changes inferred from multi-proxy studies of the Kholasht-Kouh Lake sediments in the Gilan mountains, northern Iran

Late Holocene paleoenvironmental changes inferred from multi-proxy studies of the Kholasht-Kouh Lake sediments in the Gilan mountains, northern Iran

New records of springtails (Hexapoda, Collembola) for Iran from the Bula Hyrcanian forest

First pollen record from the Late Holocene forest environment in the Lesser Caucasus

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