2014
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.12.016
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Late-Holocene land surface change in a coupled social–ecological system, southern Iceland: a cross-scale tephrochronology approach

Abstract: The chronological challenge of cross-scale analysis within coupled socioecological systems can be met with tephrochronology based on numerous well-dated tephra layers. We illustrate this with an enhanced chronology from Skaftártunga, south Iceland that is based on 200 stratigraphic profiles and 2635 individual tephra deposits from 23 different eruptions within the last 1140 years. We present new sediment-accumulation rate based dating of tephra layers from Grίmsvötn in AD 1432±5 and AD 1457±5. These and other … Show more

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Cited by 42 publications
(39 citation statements)
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“…They can be used to estimate the age of undated tephra layers that occur between well-dated ones within suitable stratigraphic sequences (Hafliðason et al, 2000;Streeter and Dugmore, 2014;Sigurgeirsson et al, 2013).…”
Section: Sediment Accumulation Rates (Sear)mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…They can be used to estimate the age of undated tephra layers that occur between well-dated ones within suitable stratigraphic sequences (Hafliðason et al, 2000;Streeter and Dugmore, 2014;Sigurgeirsson et al, 2013).…”
Section: Sediment Accumulation Rates (Sear)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, Streeter and Dugmore (2014) estimated the age of two 15 th century Grímsvötn tephra layers using aeolian sediment accumulation rates between K-1416 and V-1477 in an area of rapid aggradation. Multiple high-resolution measurements of sediment thickness (n=1960) were used to infer ages of A.D. 1432 ± 5 (mean ± 1SD) and A.D.…”
Section: Sediment Accumulation Rates (Sear)mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…rates of sediment accumulation in aeolian soils, which is interpreted as a proxy for soil erosion in the surrounding area (Thórarinsson, 1961;Dugmore and Buckland, 1991;Gísladóttir et al, 2010;Streeter and Dugmore, 2014); and 2) the percentage of Betula (birch) pollen in peat and lake (and marine) sediments, which can be interpreted as a proxy for woodland cover . These proxies capture two important trends of environmental change in Iceland over the past 1200 years; increasing rates of soil erosion (Arnalds et al, 2001) and declining woodland cover (Hallsdóttir, 1996).…”
Section: Methods and Rationalementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Research has explored how interactions between land use and vegetation dynamics in Iceland caused regime shifts and hysteresis (26), how humans mitigate or prevent human-induced fisheries collapse (4), and how human-caused deforestation may have precipitated the collapse of the prehistoric Easter Island civilization (27). In infectious diseases, coupled HES dynamics are exemplified by the 2014-2015 Disneyland, California measles outbreak, where vaccine refusal caused the measles outbreak, which in turn stimulated a recovery of vaccine uptake (28).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%