Late Holocene paleoearthquake activity in the middle part of the Longitudinal Valley fault, eastern Taiwan

Chen, Wen-Shan; Yen, I-Chin; Fengler, Keegan P.; Rubin, Charles M.; Yang, Chi‐Cheng; Yang, Hanlin; Chang, Hui-Cheng; Lin, Chii-Wen; Lin, Wen-Yen; Liu, Yen-Chiu; Lin, Yen-Hui

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.09.043

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…On the contrary, the coupling coefficients on the southern segment of this fault range largely between 0.01 and 0.5, that is partially locked or creeping, except for a small locked segment near the Chengkung township (Figure 5d). The distribution of the locked/creeping patches is comparable to the recent modeling study by Huang et al [2010] and the geological observations [e.g., Lee et al, 2003;Chen et al, 2007]. In addition, the highest slip rate deficit segment of the fault is near the Chengkung township and its slip rate deficits are between 30 and 45 mm/yr (Figure 11a).…”

Section: Earthquake Potential On Major Faultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Present-day kinematics of active mountain building in Taiwan from GPS observations during 1995–2005

Ching¹,

Rau²,

Johnson³

et al. 2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] We characterize the kinematics of modern crustal deformation in Taiwan and evaluate the potential for large earthquakes by computing tectonic block motions and fault slip rates from 531 GPS horizontal velocities. These new GPS velocity field indicates that lateral extrusion in the southern transition from collision to subduction is primarily achieved by motion along several major reverse faults and internal distortion of blocks. The northern transition is characterized by asymmetric opening of the Okinawa trough and collision-induced rotation between the Ryukyu trench and Okinawa trough. We suggest that the differences in style of deformation in northern and southern Taiwan are a result of differences in trenchward motions between the overriding plate and forearc sliver. Along-strike variations in basin thickness and the presence of foreland basement obstacles in central Taiwan result in clockwise rotation with sinistral motion on faults and counterclockwise rotation with dextral motion on faults north and south of the obstacle, respectively. In eastern Taiwan, high slip rate of ∼43 mm/yr on the southern Longitudinal Valley fault (LVF) is responsible for the full collision of Taiwan orogeny. E-W syn-orogenic extension in the southern Central Range has been inferred by our model. Patches with high slip rate deficits on the LVF and the Chelungpu fault from our model, respectively, mainly correspond to the source areas of the 1951 M 7.1 Longitudinal Valley earthquake sequence and of the 1999 M w 7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake.

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Section: Earthquake Potential On Major Faultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Present-day kinematics of active mountain building in Taiwan from GPS observations during 1995–2005

Ching¹,

Rau²,

Johnson³

et al. 2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…The distribution of aftershocks ranges from the northeastern offshore of Hualien City to the south of Hualien City, on either side of the Milun Fault, with the aftershock sequence further extending southward to the northernmost segment of the Longitudinal Valley, also called the Lingding Fault (Yu and Kuo 2001;Chen et al 2007; Fig. 1).…”

Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the structure of the Milun Fault from surface ruptures of the 2018 Hualien Earthquake

Hsu¹,

Chang²,

Yen³

et al. 2019

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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A deadly M w 6.4 earthquake occurred in the Hualien area of eastern Taiwan on 6 February 2018. It caused severe damage to infrastructure and creating surface ruptures in several areas mostly near the Milun Fault in Hualien City. In this study, we investigated the distribution of co-seismic surface ruptures by measuring the orientations of the ruptures, classifying the fracture patterns, and measuring the fracture geometries to calculate the principal displacement zone (PDZ) and the regional stress directions. As a result, local PDZ is observed to rotate anti-clockwise along the Milun Fault from north to south. Considering the deformation behaviors of the fractures and their relative positions along the Milun Fault, the shear zone in Qixingtan area is a horsetail structure derived from the right side of the end of the left-lateral strike-slip fault. In addition, the 170° trending fault splay in the middle segment and the fault branch corresponding to the Beipu Fault are elements of the Riedel shear structure associated with the left-lateral moving Milun Fault. Our results show that Riedel shear structures are common within co-seismic surface rupture zones in this area, and the variations in the orientations of Riedel structures reflect the influence of the pre-existing Milun Fault. We can also determine the most recent geometry, kinematics, and displacement characteristics of the Milun Fault through co-seismic surface ruptures and macro-scale Riedel shear structure analysis. This study provides a good example of understanding the relationship between the outcrop scale and the macroscale of the Riedel shear model.

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“…The Western Foothills, Hsuehshan Range, and Central Range are formed as the result of shortening and uplift of the continental margin of Eurasia [ Suppe , ; Yue et al , ; Mouthereau et al , ]. The Coastal Range is composed of volcanic rocks and sedimentary basins of the Luzon arc, which is accreting obliquely and end‐on to the Eurasian margin along the Longitudinal Valley fault [ Yu and Kuo , ; Chen et al , ; Shyu et al , ]. In this paper we focus on the Alishan area, part of the Western Foothills in what is geographically known as central Taiwan (Figure ).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural complexities in a foreland thrust belt inherited from the shelf-slope transition: Insights from the Alishan area of Taiwan

et al. 2014

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The Alishan area of Taiwan spans the transition from the platform with full thickness of the Eurasian continental margin in the north to the thinning crust of its slope in the south. This part of the foreland thrust and fold belt includes important along-strike changes in structure, stratigraphy, and seismic velocities. In this paper we present the results of new geological mapping from which we build geological cross sections both across and along the regional structural trend. Fault contour, stratigraphic cutoff, and branch line maps provide 3-D consistency between the cross sections. Minimum shortening is estimated to be~15 km with displacement overall to the northwest. A P wave velocity model helps constrain the structure at depth by providing insight into the possible rock units that are present there. P wave velocities of ≥ 5.2 km/s point toward the presence of basement rocks in the shallow subsurface throughout much of the southeastern part of the area, forming a basement culmination. The changes in strike of thrusts and fold axial traces, the changing elevation of thrusts and stratigraphic contacts, and the growing importance of Middle Miocene sediments that take place from north to south are interpreted to be associated with a roughly northeast striking lateral structure coincident with the northern flank of this basement culmination. These transverse structures appear to be associated with the inversion of Eocene-and Miocene-age extensional faults along what was the shelf-slope transition in the Early Oligocene, uplifting the margin sediments and their higher P wave velocity basement during Pliocene-Pleistocene thrusting.

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Late Holocene paleoearthquake activity in the middle part of the Longitudinal Valley fault, eastern Taiwan

Cited by 28 publications

References 19 publications

Present-day kinematics of active mountain building in Taiwan from GPS observations during 1995–2005

Present-day kinematics of active mountain building in Taiwan from GPS observations during 1995–2005

Investigating the structure of the Milun Fault from surface ruptures of the 2018 Hualien Earthquake

Structural complexities in a foreland thrust belt inherited from the shelf-slope transition: Insights from the Alishan area of Taiwan

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