Late-Holocene paleoenvironments of northwest Iceland from lake sediments

Doner, Lisa A.

doi:10.1016/s0031-0182(03)00265-7

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Detailed analyses of these periods at higher resolution, taking 0.25 or 0.5 cm subsamples, would help ascertain whether absolute temperatures during parts of the 18 th century were warmer or not than present. Palaeoclimate sequences have been produced from other lacustrine sites in NW Iceland, but all from lower altitudes (Doner, 2003;Caseldine et al, 2003;Geirsdóttir et al, 2009b). Axford et al (2009) produced temperature estimates from a chironomid sequence in NE Iceland through a comparison of the detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) scores with instrumental data, and then applied the relationships to the other fossil data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A chironomid-based reconstruction of summer temperatures in NW Iceland since AD 1650

et al. 2011

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Few studies currently exist that aim to validate a proxy chironomid-temperature reconstruction with instrumental temperature measurements. We used a reconstruction from a chironomid percentage abundance data set to produce quantitative summer temperature estimates since AD 1650 for NW Iceland through a transfer function approach, and validated the record against instrumental temperature measurements from Stykkishólmur in western Iceland. The core was dated through Pb-210, Cs-137 and tephra analyses (Hekla 1693) which produced a well-constrained dating model across the whole study period. Little catchment disturbance, as shown through geochemical (Itrax) and loss-on-ignition data, throughout the period further reinforce the premise that the chironomids were responding to temperature and not other catchment or within-lake variables. Particularly cold phases were identified between AD 1683-1710, AD 1765-1780 and AD 1890-1917, with relative drops in summer temperatures in the order of 1.5-2°C. The timing of these cold phases agree well with other evidence of cooler temperatures, notably increased extent of Little Ice Age (LIA) glaciers. Our evidence suggests that the magnitude of summer temperature cooling (1.5-2°C) was enough to force LIA Icelandic glaciers into their maximum Holocene extent, which is in accordance with previous modelling experiments for an Icelandic ice cap (Langjökull).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A chironomid-based reconstruction of summer temperatures in NW Iceland since AD 1650

et al. 2011

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“…Briner et al ., 2006). In Iceland during the late Holocene, terrestrial soils have also been an important source of organic carbon to lakes due to extensive soil erosion (Doner, 2003; Gathorne‐Hardy et al ., 2009; Geirsdóttir et al ., 2009b). For example, Geirsdóttir et al .…”

Section: Background On Proxiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Do paleoclimate proxies agree? A test comparing 19 late Holocene climate and sea‐ice reconstructions from Icelandic marine and lake sediments

Axford

Andresen

Andrews

et al. 2011

J Quaternary Science

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“…The age differences obtained on different materials from the same depth (1607 years at 72 cm, and 1598 years at 91 cm) and the intercept of the linear regression line (1746 years) are used to estimate the reservoir age of the sediment: ca 1650 years (Standard Deviation ¼ 83, n ¼ 3; Fig. 2A) (Hedenström and Possnert, 2001;Doner, 2003). Such an old carbon effect might originate from the input of stable and old refractory organic matter present in Alpine podzols Egli et al, 2009).…”

Section: Meidsee Age Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

(Pre-) historic changes in natural and anthropogenic heavy metals deposition inferred from two contrasting Swiss Alpine lakes

Thevenon

Guédron

Chiaradia

et al. 2011

Quaternary Science Reviews

112

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a b s t r a c tContinuous high-resolution sedimentary record of heavy metals (chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and mercury (Hg)), from lakes Lucerne and Meidsee (Switzerland), provides pollutant deposition history from two contrasting Alpine environments over the last millennia. The distribution of conservative elements (thorium (Th), scandium (Sc) and titanium (Ti)) shows that in absence of human disturbances, the trace element input is primarily controlled by weathering processes (i.e., runoff and erosion). Nonetheless, the enrichment factor (EF) of Pb and Hg (that are measured by independent methods), and the Pb isotopic composition of sediments from the remote lake Meidsee (which are proportionally more enriched in anthropogenic heavy metals), likely detect early mining activities during the Bronze Age. Meanwhile, the deposition of trace elements remains close to the range of natural variations until the strong impact of Roman activities on atmospheric metal emissions. Both sites display simultaneous increases in anthropogenic trace metal deposition during the Greek and Roman Empires (ca 300 BC to AD 400), the Late Middle Ages (ca AD 1400), and the Early Modern Europe (after ca AD 1600). However, the greatest increases in anthropogenic metal pollution are evidenced after the industrial revolution of ca AD 1850, at low and high altitudes. During the twentieth century, industrial releases multiplied by ca 10 times heavy metal fluxes to hydrological systems located on both sides of the Alps. During the last decades, the recent growing contribution of low radiogenic Pb further highlights the contribution of industrial sources with respect to wood and coal burning emissions.

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Late-Holocene paleoenvironments of northwest Iceland from lake sediments

Cited by 13 publications

References 66 publications

A chironomid-based reconstruction of summer temperatures in NW Iceland since AD 1650

A chironomid-based reconstruction of summer temperatures in NW Iceland since AD 1650

Do paleoclimate proxies agree? A test comparing 19 late Holocene climate and sea‐ice reconstructions from Icelandic marine and lake sediments

(Pre-) historic changes in natural and anthropogenic heavy metals deposition inferred from two contrasting Swiss Alpine lakes

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