Late Holocene Sturzstroms in Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A.

Butler, David; Malanson, George P.; Wilkerson, Forrest D.; Schmid, Ginger L.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5228-0_9

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The Lewis Overthrust Fault, extending along the eastern front of the Lewis Range, is one of the primary geological features of GNP. This fault was created when older Precambrian sedimentary rocks were thrust over folded, weaker, and younger Cretaceous sedimentary units, rendering the entire eastern section of GNP highly susceptible to landslide activity (Butler et al, 1998).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vast majority of these visitors do so without ever coming into contact with hazardous mass movement processes such as rockfalls or debris flows. Unfortunately, however, such processes do characterize many of the most popular mountainous regions, including major Western national parks (Butler and Malanson, 1996;Vaughn, 1997;Walsh and Butler, 1997;Butler et al, 1998). Debris flows are a type of rapid mass movement comprising clastic sediments, water, air and organic matter (Menounos, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of public perception of debris flow hazard

DeChano

Butler²

2001

Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal

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Landslides are common occurrences in the US West. Some of these events cause injury and even death to visitors to these landscapes. Investigates changes in visitor perceptions of the likelihood and location of landslide events in Glacier National Park, Montana, in the wake of a series of hazardous debris flow occurrences. The initial surveying was completed at the Logan Pass Visitor Center on 17 July 1998 using a specially created survey. On 28 July 1998, a series of debris flows crossed Going‐to‐the‐Sun Road and trapped several cars between flow deposits. The road was blocked for more than 24 hours as debris was cleared. In an attempt to examine perception differences after the slide event visitors were resurveyed at the same location on 30 July 1998. Results from statistical analyses and maps created from the survey revealed no significant changes in public perception of danger to self from landslides, nor in the perceived locations of where landslides may occur.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of public perception of debris flow hazard

DeChano

Butler²

2001

Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal

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“…Hupp et al 1987, Fritts and Swetnam 1989, Luckman 1992, Strunk 1997, Winchester and Chujar 2002. Each of these has been used in Glacier National Park (Oelfke and Butler 1985, Butler and Malanson 1996, Butler et al 1998, Wilkerson and Schmid 2003. The combination of methods provides a reliable chronology for debris flow frequency and magnitude.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Distribution of debris flows in Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A.

Wilkerson

Schmid

2008

J. Mt. Sci.

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The spectacular scenery of Glacier National Park is the result of glacial erosion as well as post-glacial mass wasting processes. Debris flow magnitude and frequency have been established through extensive fieldwork across seven separate drainage basins in the eastern portion of the park. This paper summarizes the investigation of the hypotheses that debris flow distribution in the Glacier National Park, east of the Continental Divide is (a) not random; and (b) concentrated adjacent to the Continental Divide. The location of 2317 debris flows were identified and mapped from sixty-three 1-m resolution Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangles and their spatial distribution was then analyzed using ArcView Spatial Analyst GIS software. The GIS analysis showed that the debris flows are not randomly distributed nor are they concentrated directly adjacent to the Divide. While the Continental Divide provides orographic enhancement of precipitation directly adjacent to the Divide, the debris flows are not concentrated there due to a lack of available weathered regolith. The most recent Little Ice Age glaciation removed the debris directly adjacent to the Divide, and without an adequate debris supply, these steep slopes experience few debris flows. Both abundant water and an adequate debris supply are necessary to initiate slope failure, resulting in a clustering of debris flows at the break in slope where valley walls contact talus slopes. A variety of summer storm and antecedent moisture conditions initiate slope failures in the Glacier National Park, with no distinct meteorological threshold. With over two million visitors every year, and millions of dollars of park infrastructure at risk, identifying the hazard of debris flows is essential to future park management plans.

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Landslide Risk Perception, Knowledge and Associated Risk Management: Case Studies and General Lessons from Glacier National Park, Montana, USA

Butler¹,

DeChano²

2005

Landslide Hazard and Risk

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Late Holocene Sturzstroms in Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A.

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Analysis of public perception of debris flow hazard

Analysis of public perception of debris flow hazard

Distribution of debris flows in Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A.

Landslide Risk Perception, Knowledge and Associated Risk Management: Case Studies and General Lessons from Glacier National Park, Montana, USA

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