Late Oligocene fossil acorns and nuts of Quercus section Cyclobalanopsis from the Nanning Basin, Guangxi, South China

Liu, Xiaoyan; Song, Han-Zhang; Wu, Xinkai; Hu, Jia-Rong; Huang, Weiye; Quan, Cheng; Jin, Jianhua

doi:10.1016/j.pld.2022.08.002

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…This result is in accordance with the fossil records (Fig. 1) that ancient Cyclobalanopsis occurred in south China, Japan, and the Himalaya–Hengduan region in the Eocene and the Oligocene (Huzioka & Takahasi, 1970; Zhou, 1999; Xu et al, 2016; Liu et al, 2019, 2023). Although the modern Himalaya–Hengduan region is a mountainous area, it was on the coast of the Tethys Ocean before the collision of the Indian and Eurasian Plates (Royden et al, 2008; Ding et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Fossil records of Quercus section Cyclobalanopsis in eastern Asia. Abbreviations of fossil sites, HN, Hainan (Spicer et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2020); SH, Southwest Honshu (Huzioka & Takahasi, 1970); GD, Guangdong (Liu et al, 2019); GX, Guangxi (Liu et al, 2023); JX, Jiangxi (He & Wang, 2021); ZJ, Zhejiang (Jia et al, 2015;Jia et al, 2009). The remaining fossil records were compiled from the following references: Gourbet et al (2017), Guo (1978), Guo (2011), Su et al (2019), Tanai (1995), Xing et al (2013), Xu et al (2016), Yabe (2008), and Zhou (1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced precipitation has driven the evolution of subtropical evergreen broad‐leaved forests in eastern China since the early Miocene: Evidence from ring‐cupped oaks

Jin,

Yuan,

Dai

et al. 2023

J of Sytematics Evolution

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Subtropical evergreen broad‐leaved forest (EBLF) is the predominant vegetation type in eastern China. However, the majority of the region it covers in eastern China was an arid area during the Paleogene. The temporal history and essential factors involved in the evolution of subtropical EBLFs in eastern China remain enigmatic. Here we report on the niche evolution of Quercus section Cyclobalanopsis, which appeared in south China and Japan during the Eocene and became a dominant component of subtropical EBLFs since the Miocene in eastern Asia, using integrative analysis of occurrences, climate data and a dated phylogeny of 35 species in Cyclobalanopsis. Species within clades Cyclobalanoides, Lamellosa, and Helferiana mainly exist in the Himalaya–Hengduan region, adapting to a plateau climate, while species within the other clades mainly live in eastern China under the control of the East Asian monsoon. Reconstructed history showed that significant divergence of climatic tolerance in Cyclobalanopsis began around 19 million years ago (Ma) in the early Miocene. Simultaneously, disparities in precipitation of wettest/warmest quarter and annual precipitation were markedly enhanced in Cyclobalanopsis, especially in the recent eastern clades. During the Miocene, the marked radiation of Cyclobalanopsis and many other dominant taxa of subtropical EBLFs strongly suggest the rapid formation and expansion of subtropical EBLFs in eastern China. Our research highlights that the intensification of the East Asian monsoon and subsequent occupation of new niches by the ancient clades already present in the south may have jointly promoted the formation of subtropical EBLFs in eastern China since the early Miocene.

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