Late onset of cervical dystonia in a 39-year-old patient following cerebellar hemorrhage

Usmani, Nida; Bedi, Gurneet; Sengun, Cenk; Pandey, Aditya S.; Singer, Carlos

doi:10.1007/s00415-010-5685-2

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Cerebellar strokes were only associated with focal hand dystonia and segmental dystonia involving the upper extremity in the Lausanne Stroke Registry [ 4 ]. However, cerebellar stroke could cause various forms of dystonia, such as cervical dystonia [ 49 , 50 ], oromandibular dystonia [ 51 , 52 ], and blepharospasm [ 53 ].…”

Section: Clinical Features (Phenomenology)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement Disorders Following Cerebrovascular Lesions in Cerebellar Circuits

Choi¹

2016

JMD

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Cerebellar circuitry is important to controlling and modifying motor activity. It conducts the coordination and correction of errors in muscle contractions during active movements. Therefore, cerebrovascular lesions of the cerebellum or its pathways can cause diverse movement disorders, such as action tremor, Holmes’ tremor, palatal tremor, asterixis, and dystonia. The pathophysiology of abnormal movements after stroke remains poorly understood. However, due to the current advances in functional neuroimaging, it has recently been described as changes in functional brain networks. This review describes the clinical features and pathophysiological mechanisms in different types of movement disorders following cerebrovascular lesions in the cerebellar circuits.

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Section: Clinical Features (Phenomenology)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement Disorders Following Cerebrovascular Lesions in Cerebellar Circuits

Choi¹

2016

JMD

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“…Like the BG, cerebellar injury has been associated with the onset of dystonic symptoms in a number of cases [126-130]. Cerebellar stroke, for example, has been implicated in reports of acquired focal dystonias including cervical spasmodic torticollis [126,128,129], blepharospasm [129], and oro-mandibular dystonia [127]. Segmental hemidystonia was reported following vertebral artery occlusion in one case report [130].…”

Section: Biological Levels Of Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent mechanisms in etiologically-diverse dystonias

Thompson

Jinnah

Hess

2011

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets

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Introduction Dystonia is a neurological disorder associated with twisting motions and abnormal postures, which compromise normal movements and can be both painful and debilitating. It can affect a single body part (focal), several contiguous regions (segmental), or the entire body (generalized), and can arise as a result of numerous causes, both genetic and acquired. Despite the diversity of causes and manifestations, shared clinical features suggest that common mechanisms of pathogenesis may underlie many dystonias. Areas Covered This review identifies shared themes in etiologically-diverse dystonias on several biological levels. At the cellular level, abnormalities in the dopaminergic system, mitochondrial function, and calcium regulation are discussed. At the anatomical level, the roles of the basal ganglia and the cerebellum in dystonia are described. Global central nervous system dysfunction, with regard to aberrant neuronal plasticity, inhibition, and sensorimotor integration is also discussed. Using clinical data and data from animal models, this article seeks to highlight shared pathways that may be critical in understanding mechanisms and identifying novel therapeutic strategies in dystonia. Expert Opinion Identifying shared features of pathogenesis can provide insight into the biological processes that underlie etiologically-diverse dystonias, and can suggest novel targets for therapeutic intervention that may be effective in a broad group of affected individuals.

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“…For example, what types of abnormalities in the cerebellum may cause dystonia? Cerebellar lesions, such as those caused by stroke, most often result in ataxia (Caplan 2005; Deluca, Moretto et al 2011), though sometimes they are associated with dystonia (Rumbach, Barth et al 1995; Alarcon, Tolosa et al 2001; O'Rourke, O'Riordan et al 2006; Zadro, Brinar et al 2008; Waln and LeDoux 2010; Usmani, Bedi et al 2011). The majority of cerebellar degenerative syndromes are also associated with ataxia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dystonia and cerebellar degeneration in the leaner mouse mutant

2015

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Cerebellar degeneration is traditionally associated with ataxia. Yet, there are examples of both ataxia and dystonia occurring in individuals with cerebellar degeneration. There is also substantial evidence suggesting that cerebellar dysfunction alone may cause dystonia. The types of cerebellar defects that may cause ataxia, dystonia, or both have not been delineated. In the current study, we explored the relationship between cerebellar degeneration and dystonia using the leaner mouse mutant. Leaner mice have severe dystonia that is associated with dysfunctional and degenerating cerebellar Purkinje cells. Whereas the density of Purkinje cells was not significantly reduced in 4 week-old leaner mice, approximately 50% of the neurons were lost by 34 weeks of age. On the other hand, the dystonia and associated functional disability became significantly less severe during this same interval. In other words, dystonia improved as Purkinje cells were lost, suggesting that dysfunctional Purkinje cells, rather than Purkinje cell loss, contribute to the dystonia. These results provide evidence that distorted cerebellar function may cause dystonia and support the concept that different types of cerebellar defects can have different functional consequences.

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Late onset of cervical dystonia in a 39-year-old patient following cerebellar hemorrhage

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Movement Disorders Following Cerebrovascular Lesions in Cerebellar Circuits

Movement Disorders Following Cerebrovascular Lesions in Cerebellar Circuits

Convergent mechanisms in etiologically-diverse dystonias

Dystonia and cerebellar degeneration in the leaner mouse mutant

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