Late Paleozoic (Late Mississippian–Middle Permian) sediment provenance and dispersal in western equatorial Pangea

Lawton, Timothy F.; Blakey, Ronald C.; Stöckli, Daniel F.; Liu, Li

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110386

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The primary reason is that the assemblage of the Pangea supercontinent made the Appalachians and Mexico as the orogenic hinterland, and both these two regions with similar basement age groups can be potential sources for the study area. Group A grains (500–260 Ma) are ubiquitous in the AOM foreland and the intracratonic basins of Laurentia (Figures 5 and 7; Allred & Blum, 2021; Gehrels et al, 2011; Lawton et al, 2021; Thomas et al, 2017; Wang et al, 2022). These grains are commonly thought to be derived from Taconian (490–440 Ma), Acadian (420–350 Ma) and Alleghenian (330–270 Ma) regional magmatism and metamorphism in the Appalachians (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Major basement ages in the USA and Mexico, locations of Alleghenian–Ouachita–Marathon foreland basins and orogenic belts, and the new and published detrital zircon (DZ) samples are discussed in this study. Map modified from Lawton et al (2021). Details of new and published DZ samples, including sample location, depositional age, DZ core and rim ages and data source, are summarized in Table S1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decoding post‐orogenic sediment recycling and dispersal using detrital zircon core and rim ages

Liu

Stöckli

et al. 2022

Basin Research

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Detrital zircon (DZ) geochronology has become a popular tool in provenance studies during the past two decades. However, similar zircon crystallization ages from different source regions greatly hamper the interpretation of sediment dispersal and recycling processes. The Alleghenian–Ouachita–Marathon (AOM) foreland and vicinity in North America is a region where some dominant DZ age groups could come from both the southern Appalachians in the eastern United States and the Gondwanan terranes in Mexico. In this study, we present 1045 new DZ U–Pb ages and 81 DZ core–rim age pairs in lower Permian sandstone in the Permian Basin and Miocene sandstone in the eastern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). These new data were integrated with published DZ single U–Pb age and core–rim ages from syn‐ to post‐orogenic strata in the Permian Basin, Marathon foldbelt, southern Appalachian foreland basin and eastern GOM to interpret the sediment‐dispersal models in the AOM foreland and eastern GOM. Our models show that during the Leonardian Stage, sediments derived from the Appalachians were first delivered to the US midcontinent and then recycled to the Permian Basin; during the Miocene, sediment from the Appalachians fluxed to the eastern GOM, with no longshore mixing from the western GOM. These models based on the integration of single U–Pb and core–rim ages are consistent with published results that used other methods, including zircon single U–Pb age, zircon Hf isotopic data, zircon (U–Th)/He age, sedimentology and stratigraphy. Our results demonstrate that although some limitations exist, zircon core–rim age is a powerful tool, adding an extra constraint on the interpretation of sediment‐dispersal systems. This tool is particularly applicable to the post‐orogenic stage, during which the sediment pathways are more complicated because of the dominant input from distal sources. Insights gained in this study imply that this novel strategy of using core and rim ages could be integrated with other methods to better understand sediment dispersal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding post‐orogenic sediment recycling and dispersal using detrital zircon core and rim ages

Liu

Stöckli

et al. 2022

Basin Research

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“…Foreland regions of continents can record the directions and succession of deformation episodes driven by plate margin orogeny (Cox, 2009; Hancock, 1985; Hancock & Bevan, 1987) and forelands may retain a valuable record of the tectonic history if preservation of older orogens is incomplete due to subsequent rifting or burial by younger rocks (Denison, 1989; Flawn et al., 1961; Thomas, 1989). Understanding the nature and history of foreland structures is also important because of their potential influence on syntectonic sedimentation (DeCelles & Giles, 1996; Houseknecht, 1986; Lawton et al., 2021; Thomas et al., 2021) or the paths of fluids driven from orogenic belts (Bethke & Marshak, 1990; Gavin et al., 1993; Oliver, 1986). However, because deformation recorded in foreland strata may be preferentially concentrated above older basement faults, shear zones, or steeply dipping contacts that act as crustal weaknesses (Marshak & Paulsen, 1996; Thomas, 2004), care should be taken to assess whether paleostress or paleostrain directions in local deformed zones were deflected relative to regional directions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Paleozoic Flexural Extension and Overprinting Shortening in the Southern Ozark Dome, Arkansas, USA: Evolving Fault Kinematics in the Foreland of the Ouachita Orogen

Hudson

Turner

2022

Tectonics

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Faults and folds on the southern flank of the Ozark dome in northern Arkansas, USA, record flexural extension in a foreland area followed by shortening in response to the late Paleozoic Ouachita orogeny. Map‐scale structures and an analysis of fault‐slip data collected systematically during geologic mapping demonstrate that most deformation in the area accommodated north‐south extension as the southern margin of Laurentia was flexed beneath the thrust load of the Ouachita belt, probably during Middle Pennsylvanian. Extension was concentrated in northeast‐ and west‐northwest‐trending structural zones having sets of discontinuous, often en echelon normal and strike‐slip faults and associated monoclinal folds. Reactivation of basement weaknesses that underlie these zones is indicated by their close match to oblique‐rift models in which both the proportions of normal and strike‐slip faulting and the internal extension directions vary with orientation of the zones. Subsequent propagation of north‐south Ouachita shortening into the foreland formed small‐offset strike‐slip and sparse reverse faults that overprinted older extensional structures. Strike‐slip faults were concentrated in reactivated northeast‐trending structural zones. In two areas, reverse faults and local anticlines were developed in the footwalls of older normal faults, both near intersections of northeast‐ and west‐northwest‐trending structural zones. These are interpreted as areas of incipient inversion due to compressional stress concentrations at fault‐block corners. Spatial overlap of areas of north‐south shortening and fluid flux marked by silicification or lead‐zinc mineralization indicates that regional fluid flow of brines was coeval with and may have enhanced inversion during Late Pennsylvanian to early Permian.

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“…Radially divergent flow patterns cross many potential combinations of source rocks within the footprint of a large ice mass, and sediments deposited by different parts of the same ice mass may not have similar provenance signals (Licht & Hemming, 2017). Second, the unique ways in which glaciers entrain, transport, and deposit sediments differ significantly from other sedimentary transport systems, such as continent-scale fluvial drainages (e.g., Lawton et al, 2021). Glacial processes are more likely to create and deposit sediments dominated by proximal sources than sources greater than 1000 km up-glacier because the relative abundance of a subglacially entrained sediment decreases exponentially downglacier from its source and is most likely to be detectable only within 100 km of a pointsource (Clark, 1987;Hooke et al, 2013;Kujansuu & Saarnisto, 1990;Larson & Mooers, 2008;Salonen, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A “Local First” Approach to Glacigenic Sediment Provenance Demonstrated Using U-Pb Detrital Zircon Geochronology of the Permo-Carboniferous Wynyard Formation, Tasmanian Basin

Ives

Isbell

Licht

2022

The Sedimentary Record

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We propose that a “local first” approach should be applied to the interpretation of provenance indicators in glacigenic sediments of all depositional ages, especially where the glacier flow path is poorly constrained and the records of potential source lithologies are incomplete. Provenance proxies, specifically U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology, of glacigenic sediments are commonly used to infer the size and distribution of past ice centers, which are in turn used to inform ancient climate reconstructions. Interpretations of these proxies often assume that similar provenance signals between glacigenic units of the same depositional age are evidence that they were deposited by the same glacier, even when those units are, not infrequently, separated by thousands of kilometers. Though glaciers are capable of transporting sediment great distances, this assumption is problematic as it does not acknowledge observations from the geologic records of Pleistocene ice sheets that show provenance proxies in glacial sediments are most likely to reflect proximal (within 100 km) sediment sources located along a specific flow path. In a “local first” approach, provenance indicators are first compared to local source lithologies. If the indicator cannot be attributed to proximal sources, only then should progressively more distal sources be investigated. Applying a local first approach to sediment provenance in ancient glacial systems may result in significant revisions to paleo ice sheet reconstructions. The effectiveness of the local first approach is demonstrated here by comparing new U-Pb detrital zircon dates from the Permo-Carboniferous glacigenic Wynyard Fm with progressively distal source lithologies along the glacier’s inferred flow path. The Wynyard Fm and source lithologies were compared using an inverse Monte-Carlo unmixing model (DZMix). All measured Wynyard Fm detrital zircon dates can be attributed to zircon sources within 33 km of the sample location along the glacier’s flow path. This interpretation of a proximal detrital zircon provenance does not conflict with the popular interpretation made from sedimentological observations that the Wynyard Fm was deposited by a large, temperate outlet glacier or ice stream that flowed south-to-north across western Tasmania. Overall, a local first approach to glacial sediment provenance, though more challenging than direct comparisons between glacigenic sedimentary deposits, has the potential to elucidate the complex histories and flow paths of glacial sedimentary systems of all depositional ages.

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Late Paleozoic (Late Mississippian–Middle Permian) sediment provenance and dispersal in western equatorial Pangea

Cited by 31 publications

References 133 publications

Decoding post‐orogenic sediment recycling and dispersal using detrital zircon core and rim ages

Decoding post‐orogenic sediment recycling and dispersal using detrital zircon core and rim ages

Late Paleozoic Flexural Extension and Overprinting Shortening in the Southern Ozark Dome, Arkansas, USA: Evolving Fault Kinematics in the Foreland of the Ouachita Orogen

A “Local First” Approach to Glacigenic Sediment Provenance Demonstrated Using U-Pb Detrital Zircon Geochronology of the Permo-Carboniferous Wynyard Formation, Tasmanian Basin

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