Late Phase Increase of Thrombin-Like Proteinase, Protein, Leukocytes in Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) Fluid and Chemiluminescence of BAL after Ovalbumin Aerosol Inhalation by Actively Immunized Rats

Abstract

A thrombin-like proteinase (THROLP) was detected colorimetrically as the main proteolytic activity (PROA) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) 4 and 24 h after ovalbumin aerosol (OVA) challenge of actively immunized rats. Other proinflammatory parameters increased also significantly in BALF, like chemiluminescence of leukocytes (1 h), protein and cell number (24 h after challenge). In parallel, increased bronchoconstrictions against 5-HT aerosols are detected 24 h post OVA challenge. THROLP is an indicator for plasma leakage, activation of the clotting reaction and the protracted inflammation in the airways, which induced bronchial hyperreactivity.

Bronchoconstrictor effect of thrombin and thrombin receptor activating peptide in guinea‐pigs in vivo

“…Thrombin‐like proteinases have been found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids obtained from active immunized experimental animals ( Linssen et al ., 1991 ). The role of coagulation cascade activation and fibrin deposition during lung inflammation has been investigated; it has been shown that asthmatic subjects present alterations in coagulation parameters and an increase of platelet reactivity ( Idell et al ., 1989 ; Gresele et al ., 1993 ; Fuchs‐Buder et al ., 1996 ).…”

The effects of a kinin antagonist on changes in lung function and plasma extravasation into the airways following challenge of sensitized guinea‐pigs

“…A number of enzymes might be increased in BALF following allergen challenge; Ihesc include mast cell tryptase [27]. plasma kallikrein [28], tissue kallikrein [I] and thrombin and piasminogen [29]. Of these enzymes, mast cell tryptase and the kallikreins at least are capable of generating kinins from kininogens [30,31].…”

Time Course of Immediate Release and Relationships between Thrombin-Like Proteinase, Other Proteinases, Histamine, Protein and Dye Extravasation in Rat Passive Peritoneal Anaphylaxis

“…By multiplication with factor 2.3, the values for PROA in PLF were transformed into their corresponding activities at 37°C. This allows a better comparison to data obtained at 37°C from analysis of rat bron choalveolar lavage fluid, plasma and serum in another study [8]. The final dilution of PLF in the samples corresponded to 1:12.…”

“…Previously, we found that PROA, which preferentially splits the thrombin-selective chromogenic substrate CHr® TH, was released in vitro in parallel with histamine (H) from washed leukocytes of atopies after allergen challenge [5]. A similar thrombin-like proteinase (THROLP) was detected in the supernatant of washed peritoneal mast cells from actively sensitized rats, fol lowing antigen stimulation, together with chymotrypsin-like proteinase (CHYLP) and H [6,7], THROLP was also the prominent PROA in bronchoalveolar la vage fluid which was collected from immunized rats during the protracted inflammation of the airways 4-24 h after inhalation of antigen aerosol [8]. There fore, THROLP appears to be a suitable parameter for allergic and inflammatory reactions.…”