Late Pleistocene through Holocene landscape evolution of the White River Badlands, South Dakota

Burkhart, Patrick A.; Livingston, Jack; Rawling, J. Elmo; Hanson, Paul R.; Mahan, Shannon A.; Benton, Rachel; Heffron, E; Jahn, Michael; Anderson, Travis J.; Page, Bryan

doi:10.1130/2008.fld010(12)

Cited by 3 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…At the type locality, the Red Dog Loess reaches a thickness of 18 m, but mostly the loess in the WRB is too thin to be mapped as a separate formation. Field observations, made in this and previous studies (Burkhart et al, 2008;Rawling et al, 2003), identified fluvial gravels and coarse-grained material in the Red Dog Loess that suggests the unit may in fact consist of silty ephemeral stream deposits. Thus, neither the origin of the Red Dog Loess of southwestern South Dakota nor its relationship to the Peoria Loess is clear.…”

Section: Peoria and Red Dog Loessessupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Large mesas, known locally as tables, range in height from tens of meters to approximately 100m and typically are named features on 1:24,000-scale topographic maps of the area. Smaller tables and buttes, known locally as sod tables (Benton et al, 2015;Burkhart et al, 2008), are typically less than 10m in height and unnamed at the 1:24,000 scale. Both tables and sod tables are covered with alluvial and aeolian sediments of varying thickness, deposited on Cretaceous marine strata of the Pierre Shale and Late Oligocene-Early Miocene fluvial overbank, lacustrine, and volcanic ash deposits of the White River and Arikaree Groups (Benton et al, 2015;Raymond et al, 1976).…”

Section: Geography and Bedrock Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aeolian sand and ACT deposits were previously studied to determine periods of drought in the WRB (Burkhart et al, 2008;Rawling et al, 2003). Analysis of 14 C from paleosols preserved in ACT deposits indicated three periods of stabilization and soil formation at 3.7 ka, 2.5 ka, and 1.3 ka, with each period of soil formation followed by drought-driven aeolian sedimentation.…”

Section: Aeolian Sedimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LIA is less well defined than the MCA, but Mann et al (2009) state that the coldest period occurred between 1400 and 1700 CE, or approximately 600-300 a. Evidence of the MCA megadroughts and LIA droughts is preserved in tree rings (Cook et al, 2007;Cook et al, 2010;Cook et al, 2004), lake sediments (Fritz et al, 2000;Hobbs et al, 2011;Laird et al, 1996;Schmieder et al, 2013;Schmieder et al, 2011), and incised stream channels (Burkhart et al, 2008) throughout the region. White River Badlands aeolian and loess deposits (shaded), adapted from United States Geological Survey 1:5,000,000 scale surficial deposit map (Soller and Reheis, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diamond symbols mark the approximate sample localities in this study. Circle symbols mark the approximate sample localities from Burkhart et al (2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronology of dune development in the White River Badlands, northern Great Plains, USA

et al. 2019

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Section: Peoria and Red Dog Loessessupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Geography and Bedrock Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aeolian Sedimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diamond symbols mark the approximate sample localities in this study. Circle symbols mark the approximate sample localities from Burkhart et al (2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronology of dune development in the White River Badlands, northern Great Plains, USA

et al. 2019

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Surface Artifact Scatters, Data Collection, and Significance

Douglass

Wandsnider

Holdaway

2023

Adv. archaeol. pract.

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The three authors research surface archaeological records dominated by low-density scatters and isolated artifacts, archaeological phenomena frequently encountered during cultural resource management (CRM) projects in areas of the United States and Australia. We each began researching surface artifact scatters for different reasons but converged on approaches that emphasize the formation of these forms of archaeological deposits. Through a variety of projects, we asked a common set of questions about the processes that both buried and exposed these materials, the methods needed to obtain a chronology in different regions, and the ways we might interpret artifacts found together in different densities. Answering these questions led to the collection and analyses of datasets in innovative ways and the questioning of a number of archaeological categories often thought of as fundamental for archaeological research. Here, we review examples of our respective research and consider the implications for CRM projects dealing with surface lithics.

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Holocene evolution of parabolic dunes, White River Badlands, South Dakota, USA, revealed by high-resolution mapping

et al. 2023

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The White River Badlands (WRB) of South Dakota record eolian activity spanning the late Pleistocene through the latest Holocene (21 ka to modern), reflecting the effects of the last glacial period and Holocene climate fluctuations (Holocene Thermal Maximum, Medieval Climate Anomaly, and Little Ice Age). The WRB dune fields are important paleoclimate indicators in an area of the Great Plains with few climate proxies. The goal of this study is to use 1 m/pixel-resolution digital elevation models from drone imagery to distinguish Early to Middle Holocene parabolic dunes from Late Holocene parabolic dunes. Results indicate that relative ages of dunes are distinguished by slope and roughness (terrain ruggedness index). Morphological differences are attributed to postdepositional wind erosion, soil formation, and mass wasting. Early to Middle Holocene and Late Holocene paleowind directions, 324°± 13.1° (N = 7) and 323° ± 3.0° (N = 19), respectively, are similar to the modern wind regime. Results suggest significant landscape resilience to wind erosion, which resulted in preservation of a mosaic of Early and Late Holocene parabolic dunes. Quantification of dune characteristics will help refine the chronology of eolian activity in the WRB, provide insight into drought-driven landscape evolution, and integrate WRB eolian activity in a regional paleoenvironmental context.

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Late Pleistocene through Holocene landscape evolution of the White River Badlands, South Dakota

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Chronology of dune development in the White River Badlands, northern Great Plains, USA

Chronology of dune development in the White River Badlands, northern Great Plains, USA

Surface Artifact Scatters, Data Collection, and Significance

Holocene evolution of parabolic dunes, White River Badlands, South Dakota, USA, revealed by high-resolution mapping

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