Late Precambrian–Early Cambrian stratigraphic and faunal succession of eastern California and the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary

Nelson, C. A.

doi:10.1017/s0016756800041169

Cited by 66 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The apparent absence of Montezuman trilobites from the Iapetan margin of Laurentia was curious, given that trilobites of that age have been reported from the adjacent Innuitian margin (Buenellus higginsi, see above) and that Montezuman-age trilobites-including fallotaspidoids, which occur in lowermost Montezuman strata-are diverse and abundant along the Cordilleran margin (e.g., Fritz, 1972Fritz, , 1973Nelson, 1976Nelson, , 1978Hollingsworth, 2005Hollingsworth, , 2007Hollingsworth, , 2011. Was there some paleobiogeographic reason why trilobites did not invade the Iapetan margin until much later?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buenellus chilhoweensisn. sp. from the Murray Shale (lower Cambrian Chilhowee Group) of Tennessee, the oldest known trilobite from the Iapetan margin of Laurentia

Webster

Hageman

2018

J. Paleontol.

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Abstract.-The Ediacaran to lower Cambrian Chilhowee Group of the southern and central Appalachians records the rift-to-drift transition of the newly formed Iapetan margin of Laurentia. Body fossils are rare within the Chilhowee Group, and correlations are based almost exclusively on lithological similarities. A critical review of previous work highlights the relatively weak biostratigraphic and radiometric age constraints on the various units within the succession. Herein, we document a newly discovered fossil-bearing locality within the Murray Shale (upper Chilhowee Group) on Chilhowee Mountain, eastern Tennessee, and formally describe a nevadioid trilobite, Buenellus chilhoweensis n. sp., from that site. This trilobite indicates that the Murray Shale is of Montezuman age (provisional Cambrian Stage 3), which is older than the Dyeran (provisional late Stage 3 to early Stage 4) age suggested by the historical (mis)identification of "Olenellus sp." from within the unit as reported by workers more than a century ago. Buenellus chilhoweensis n. sp. represents only the second known species of Buenellus, and demonstrates that the genus occupied both the Innuitian and Iapetan margins of Laurentia during the Montezuman. It is the oldest known trilobite from the Iapetan margin, and proves that the hitherto apparent absence of trilobites from that margin during the Montezuman was an artifact of inadequate sampling rather than a paleobiogeographic curiosity. The species offers a valuable biostratigraphic calibration point within a rock succession that has otherwise proven recalcitrant to refined dating. UUID: http://zoobank.org/30af790b-e7b1-44c3-b1d5-55cdf579bde2

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buenellus chilhoweensisn. sp. from the Murray Shale (lower Cambrian Chilhowee Group) of Tennessee, the oldest known trilobite from the Iapetan margin of Laurentia

Webster

Hageman

2018

J. Paleontol.

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“…Neoproterozoic-Cambrian strata in the southwestern United States thicken from southeast to northwest, and can be grouped into four distinct but interfingering successions: Craton, Craton Margin, Death Valley (proximal-shelf ), and White-Inyo (proximal-to mid-shelf ) successions (Stewart, 1970;Nelson, 1976Nelson, , 1978Mount et al, 1991;Corsetti and Hagadorn, 2000;Fedo and Cooper, 2001; Fig. 3).…”

Section: Geologic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The White-Inyo succession is thickest, but, until now, has been considered poorly fossiliferous with respect to earliest Cambrian guide fossils (e.g., Signor and Mount, 1986). Trilobites, which are important guide fossils in Lower Cambrian sections in the Great Basin (e.g., Nelson, 1976;Palmer, 1981Palmer, , 1998Hollingsworth, 1999), make their first appearance well above this interval (Hollingsworth, 1999).…”

Section: Geologic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4). The White-Inyo Mountains have been the focus of intense PC-C boundary study, but the paucity of earliest Cambrian fossils has been problematic (e.g., Cloud and Nelson, 1966;Taylor, 1966;Alpert, 1977; Nelson, 1978;Fedo and Cooper, 2001). B. Shaded area represents the approximate PC-C outcrop belt in the southern Great Basin (after Stewart, 1970); the Mt.…”

Section: White-inyo Successionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Precambrian-Cambrian Transition in the Southern Great Basin, USA

Corsetti¹,

Hagadorn²

2003

TSR

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The Precambrian-Cambrian boundary presents an interesting stratigraphic conundrum: the trace fossil used to mark and correlate the base of the Cambrian, Treptichnus pedum, is restricted to siliciclastic facies, whereas biomineralized fossils and chemostratigraphic signals are most commonly obtained from carbonate-dominated sections. Thus, it is difficult to correlate directly between many of the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary sections, and to assess details of the timing of evolutionary events that transpired during this interval of time. Thick sections in the White-Inyo region of eastern California and western Nevada, USA, contain mixed siliciclastic-carbonate lithofacies, and therefore promote correlation between these classic, well-studied lithologic end-members. An integrated stratigraphic approach was applied to the White-Inyo succession, combining lithologic, paleontologic, and chemostratigraphic data, in order to address the temporal framework within the basin, and to facilitate worldwide correlation of the boundary. Results from the southern Great Basin demonstrate that the negative δ13C excursion that is ubiquitous in carbonate-dominated successions containing small shelly fossils occurs within stratigraphic uncertainty of the first occurrence of T. pedum. This global geochemical marker thus provides a link with the primary biostratigraphic indicator for the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary.

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“…This has been supplemented by the less precisely controlled data in undescribed material of C. A. Nelson for the White-lnyo region, for which only a generalized stratigraphie column and plates without descriptions have been published (Nelson, 1976).…”

Section: And Biostratigraphy Of the Olenellinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Through a glass darkly: taxonomy, phylogeny, and biostratigraphy of the Olenellina

1993

PCNS

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"For now we see through a glass, darkly; but then face to face . . ." 1 Corinthians 13:12 (The Bible, King James Version). Abstract-The Olenellina is an exclusively Early Cambrian trilobite suborder that dominates the later EarlyCambrian trilobite faunas of Laurentia and constitutes a lesser component of the trilobite faunas of Siberia, Baltica, Avalonia, and the western sector of Gondwana/peri-Gondwana (Morocco, Spain, and eastern (;ermany). The classification of the Olenellina presented here will appear in the revised edition on Trilobita of the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology.Two superfamilies, 7 families, 10 subfamilies, 45 genera, and 5 subgenera are distinguished primarily on characters of the cephalon. Major revisions from previous usage primarily involve the Laurentian Olenellidae.New taxa in this family include Bristoliinae, Gabriellinac, Laudoniinae, A reuotenellus, Bolbolenellus, Nephmlenelbts, Olenelhis (Angustolenellus), and Oletzellus (Mesolenelhis). One new taxon, Paranevadella, is added to the Judomiidae. The previously synonymized genera Meson ads and Paedeumias are revived as subgenera of Olenellus.Intercontinental correlation of Lower Cambrian strata is hampered by high endemism of genera and species, especially among the Olenellina. Biostratigraphic and biogeographic analysis of the Olenellina suggests increasing geographic isolation of Laurentia during Early Cambrian time and that Laurentian Olenellidae are mostly younger than the Olenellina of the other Cambrian continents.Morphologic and stratigraphie considerations suggest derivation of the Olenellidae from some element of the Hohniidae and the Holmiidae from some element of the Archaeaspididae.

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Late Precambrian–Early Cambrian stratigraphic and faunal succession of eastern California and the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary

Cited by 66 publications

References 7 publications

Buenellus chilhoweensisn. sp. from the Murray Shale (lower Cambrian Chilhowee Group) of Tennessee, the oldest known trilobite from the Iapetan margin of Laurentia

Buenellus chilhoweensisn. sp. from the Murray Shale (lower Cambrian Chilhowee Group) of Tennessee, the oldest known trilobite from the Iapetan margin of Laurentia

The Precambrian-Cambrian Transition in the Southern Great Basin, USA

Through a glass darkly: taxonomy, phylogeny, and biostratigraphy of the Olenellina

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