Late Quaternary intensified monsoon phases control landscape evolution in the northwest Himalaya

Bookhagen, Bodo; Thiede, Rasmus; Strecker, M.

doi:10.1130/g20982.1

Cited by 351 publications

(276 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…12) is associated with the Alichur complex (Dodonov, 2002). The timing may be linked to a phase of intensified monsoon between 29 and 24 kyr (Bookhagen et al, 2005;Herzschuh, 2006). The timing of MIS 2 glacial advances at ∼24-22 kyr and 20-18 kyr suggests slightly earlier or synchronous occurrence to the global LGM (∼20 kyr).…”

Section: The Last Glacial Cycle (Mis 4 and 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tectonic and climatic forcing on the Panj river system during the Quaternary

Fuchs

Gloaguen

Pohl

2013

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Surface processes involve complex feedback effects between tectonic and climatic influences in the high mountains of Pamir. The ongoing India-Asia collision provokes the development of east-west-trending mountain ranges that impose structural control on flow directions of the Pamir rivers. The evolving relief is further controlled by strong moisture gradients. The decreasing precipitations from the southern and western margins of the Pamir Plateau to its center, in their turn, control the emplacement of glaciers. Chronologies of glacial records from the Pamir Plateau attest for strong climatic variability during the Quaternary. Corresponding remnants of glacial advances suggest glacial morphodynamic restricted to >4,000 m a.s.l. since marine isotope stage (MIS) 4. The Panj, the trunk river of Pamir, deflects from the predominant westward drainage, connecting its main tributaries at the western margin of the drainage basin. The geometry of the river network and the pattern of incision characterize the Panj as a composite river. River reaches of indicated low incision coincide with west-trending valleys, parallel to domes and their bounding faults. Valley shape ratios reflect increased incision in north-trending sections, but do not match with changes in the catchment geometry or erodibility of rock types. Modelled riverbed profiles distinguish three Panj reaches. The upstream increase in convexity suggests successive river captures in response to local base-level changes. The northward-deflected river reaches link the local base levels, which coincide with the southern boundaries of the Shakhdara and Yazgulom Dome and Darvaz Range. We argue that tectonics plays a large role controlling the drainage system of the Panj and hence surface processes in the Pamir mountains.

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Section: The Last Glacial Cycle (Mis 4 and 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4, no. 9-12), caused by phases of intensified ISM (for an overview phases of intensified ISM, see Bookhagen et al (2005);Herzschuh (2006)). Ambiguously, they might also be linked to the temperature decrease during the post-Younger Dryas event at ∼10.5 kyr (compare to Alay Range further north; Fig.…”

Section: The Holocene (Post-mis 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic and climatic forcing on the Panj river system during the Quaternary

Fuchs

Gloaguen

Pohl

2013

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…An extensive body of research has been devoted to understanding the effect of climate change, and more specifically changing precipitation on landscape evolution [e.g., Smith, 1982;Knox, 1983;Bull, 1991;Willgoose et al, 1991;Willgoose, 1994;Rinaldo et al, 1995;Tucker and Slingerland, 1997;Molnar, 2001;Montgomery et al, 2001;Milly et al, 2002;Bonnet and Crave, 2003;Gabet et al, 2004;Bookhagen et al, 2005;Zaprowski et al, 2005;Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007;Fuller et al, 2009;Godard et al, 2013;Slater and Singer, 2013]. Understanding and quantifying the effect of change in climate, in terms of changing patterns in frequency and magnitude of precipitation, on landscape evolution is important not only for predicting the impact of future climate change on landscapes but also for deciphering the signature of past climates from existing landscapes and strata [Brakenridge, 1980;Smith, 1982;Meyer et al, 1992;Tucker and Slingerland, 1997;Paola et al, 2009;Jerolmack and Paola, 2010;National Research Council, 2010;Reinhardt et al, 2010;Foreman et al, 2012].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape reorganization under changing climatic forcing: Results from an experimental landscape

Singh

Reinhardt

Foufoula‐Georgiou

2015

Water Resources Research

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Understanding how landscapes respond to climate dynamics in terms of macroscale (average topographic features) and microscale (landform reorganization) is of interest both for deciphering past climates from today's landscapes and for predicting future landscapes in view of recent climatic trends. Although several studies have addressed macro-scale response, only a few have focused on quantifying smaller-scale basin reorganization. To that goal, a series of controlled laboratory experiments were conducted where a self-organized complete drainage network emerged under constant precipitation and uplift dynamics. Once steady state was achieved, the landscape was subjected to a fivefold increase in precipitation (transient state). Throughout the evolution, high-resolution spatiotemporal topographic data in the form of digital elevation models were collected. The steady state landscape was shown to possess three distinct geomorphic regimes (unchannelized hillslopes, debris-dominated channels, and fluvially dominated channels). During transient state, landscape reorganization was observed to be driven by hillslopes via accelerated erosion, ridge lowering, channel widening, and reduction of basin relief as opposed to channel base-level reduction. Quantitative metrics on which these conclusions were based included slope-area curve, correlation analysis of spatial and temporal elevation increments, and wavelet spectral analysis of the evolving landscapes. Our results highlight that landscape reorganization in response to increased precipitation seems to follow ''an arrow of scale'': major elevation change initiates at the hillslope scale driving erosional regime change at intermediate scales and further cascading to geomorphic changes at the channel scale as time evolves.

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“…The sub-surface rain flow moves down the slope and saturated soil mass located on steep slopes slips down due to wetting and increased weight of the soil mass. Slope failure induced by significant monsoonal rainstorms is a common phenomenon in the orogenic interior, as documented by Bookhagen (Bookhagen et al, 2005). …”

Section: Land Slidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous land slide deposits were observed along the Satluj river and its tributaries. The land slide has been reported to contribute to large quantities of sediment (Bookhagen et al, 2005).…”

Section: Land Slidesmentioning

confidence: 99%