Late seizures following cerebral venous thrombosis—may be a maladaptive attempt to release gravitational ischemia in the brain

Abstract

Recently, a group of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) Late Seizure Investigators systematically reviewed the lit-* Giulia Ottaviani

Gravitational Ischemia in the Brain: How Interfering with Its Release May Predispose to Either Alzheimer’s- or Parkinson’s-like Illness, Treatable with Hyperbaric Oxygen

“…Gravitational ischemia in the brain is induced by the mass o one brain component acting upon another in the Earth's gravitational field. In any given Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease may occur, in part, as maladaptive responses to chronic cerebral ischemia, caused by unresolved gravitational ischemia in the brain [3]. These neurodegenerative diseases occur in an older age group, where other systemic illnesses often play a role.…”

“…The meninges and cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the brain may provide some cushioning, but do not mitigate the effects of gravity. In contrast, the heart and lungs are continuously in motion, and they are surrounded to a significant degree by soft tissues [2][3][4]. Gravitational ischemia in the brain is induced by the mass of one brain component acting upon another in the Earth's gravitational field.…”

“…During the early 2020s, the concept of brain ischemia was both challenged and expanded. Historically, its essential parameters have been decreased blood flow, and decreased oxygen (O 2 ) tension, in parenchymal brain tissue-occurring focally, regionally, or globally within the brain [1][2][3]. These were thought to be caused mostly by stenotic and occlusive (intra-vascular) cerebrovascular disease, and to constitute a strictly pathological process, resulting in strokes and in harbingers of strokes, called transient ischemic attacks (TIAs).…”

“…Today, some investigators question whether those same essential parameters of ischemia are caused mostly by compressive forces originating on the exterior of blood vessels, or at least exterior to their endothelial lining. Several have been identified, such as the cerebrovascular constrictive effects of decreased carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels (as from hyperventilation) [1][2][3]. However, the most prominent and ubiquitous is probably gravity, which has led some to think of brain ischemia as primarily a process of normal physiology, and which is only occasionally pathological.…”

“…https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_White_(astronaut)#/media/File:EdWhiteFirstAmeri Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease may occur, in part, as maladaptive re sponses to chronic cerebral ischemia, caused by unresolved gravitational ischemia in the brain [3]. These neurodegenerative diseases occur in an older age group, where other sys temic illnesses often play a role.…”