Late Silurian deformation in the Łysogóry Region of the Holy Cross Mountains revisited: restoration of a progressive Caledonian unconformity in the Klonów Anticline and its implications for the kinematics of the Holy Cross Fault (Central Poland)

Abstract

2 Pol ish Acad emy of Sci ences, In sti tute of Geo log i cal Sci ences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa, Po land Gągała, Ł., 2015. Late Si lu rian de for ma tion in the Łysogóry Re gion of the Holy Cross Moun tains re vis ited: res to ra tion of a pro gres sive Cal edo nian un con formity in the Klonów Anticline and its im pli ca tions for the ki ne mat ics of the Holy Cross Fault (cen tral Po land). Geo log i cal Quar terly, 59 (3): 441-456, doi: 10.7306/gq.1222The Klonów Anticline is lo cated in the west ern out skirts of the Łysogóry Re gion of the Holy Cross Moun tains. A fresh look onto the car to graphic ev i dence sug gests that this struc ture shows the key char ac ter is tics of a pro gres sive un con formity. This be comes ev i dent when com pared to the clas si cal ex am ple of the Sant Llorenç de Morunys Anticline (east ern Pyr e nees, Spain). The ge om e try of the un con formity re quires a phase of thrust ing or re verse fault ing along the Holy Cross Fault in the lat est Si lu rian-ear li est De vo nian (Late Cal edo nian de for ma tion) fol lowed by Variscan thin-skinned thrust ing. Thick-and thin-skinned ki ne matic sce nar ios for the lat est Si lu rian-ear li est De vo nian de for ma tion of the Łysogóry Re gion are ex plored.Key words: Cal edo nian and Variscan tec ton ics, tec ton ics-sed i men ta tion in ter play, tri an gle zone, cross-sec tion res to ra tion.

Tectonothermal history of the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland) in the light of low‐temperature thermochronology

“…This timing, constrained by angular unconformities (e.g. Gągała, ), agrees with average ZHe ages between 417 and 407 Ma obtained from the Ordovician and Silurian samples, except for P1 (374 Ma), in the Kielce Region. Earliest Devonian ZHe ages may indicate possible late Caledonian cooling, and no Variscan re‐heating into the ZHe partial retention zone.…”

“…A number of previous studies invoked late Caledonian deformation in the HCM at the Silurian–Devonian transition (e.g. Gągała, ; Kowalczewski et al., ; Znosko, ). This timing, constrained by angular unconformities (e.g.…”

“…The structure of the HCM was shaped by several episodes of tectonic shortening in the late Cambrian, latest Silurian–earliest Devonian (Caledonian), late Carboniferous (Variscan) and Late Cretaceous–Palaeocene (Alpine) interrupted by long periods of basin‐forming subsidence (e.g. Czarnocki, ; Gągała, ; Konon, , ; Kowalczewski, Jaworowski, & Kuleta, ; Kutek & Głazek, ; Lamarche, Lewandowski, et al., ; Lamarche et al., ; Lamarche, Scheck, et al., ; Szaniawski, Konon, Grabowski, & Schnabl, ; Znosko, ).…”

“…Modliński & Szymański, ; Nawrocki et al., ; Szulczewski, ). The HCF, separating the Łysogóry and Kielce Regions, was variously interpreted as a flower structure (Lamarche, Lewandowski, et al., ), a strike‐slip duplex (Mastella & Mizerski, ), a series of vertical‐axis rotated blocks (Konon, ) or a thin‐skinned thrust (Czarnocki, , ; Gągała, ; Stupnicka, , ).…”

Refined timing and kinematics for Baltica–Avalonia convergence based on the sedimentary record of a foreland basin

“…However, Caledonian deformation in the Holy Cross Mts. area is limited to movement of fault blocks (Gągała, , and references therein) and, thus, unlikely to have produced the tectonic load necessary for the growth of a flexural basin.…”