Late stage 3 chronic kidney disease is an independent risk factor for sarcopenia, but not proteinuria

An, Jung Nam; Kim, Jwa-Kyung; Lee, Hyung Seok; Kim, Sung Gyun; Kim, Hyung Jik; Song, Young Rim

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-97952-7

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The elderly and those with comorbidities (immunocompromise, cardiopulmonary disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, and kidney failure) are at heightened risk of experiencing rapid disease progression and mortality [ 3 ]. These comorbidities have in common chronic systemic inflammation, a higher prevalence of sarcopenia, loss of lean body mass, and protein-calorie malnutrition, which impairs immunity to infectious agents, such as SARS-CoV-2 [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened the risks of sarcopenia and protein-calorie malnutrition due to restrictions in physical activity from lockdowns, inaccessibility to exercise facilities, limited public transportation, and food insecurity from supply chain disruptions [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition Increases Hospital Length of Stay and Mortality among Adult Inpatients with COVID-19

et al. 2022

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Background: Malnutrition has been linked to adverse health economic outcomes. There is a paucity of data on malnutrition in patients admitted with COVID-19. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study consisting of 4311 COVID-19 adult (18 years and older) inpatients at 5 Johns Hopkins-affiliated hospitals between 1 March and 3 December 2020. Malnourishment was identified using the malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST), then confirmed by registered dietitians. Statistics were conducted with SAS v9.4 (Cary, NC, USA) software to examine the effect of malnutrition on mortality and hospital length of stay among COVID-19 inpatient encounters, while accounting for possible covariates in regression analysis predicting mortality or the log-transformed length of stay. Results: COVID-19 patients who were older, male, or had lower BMIs had a higher likelihood of mortality. Patients with malnutrition were 76% more likely to have mortality (p < 0.001) and to have a 105% longer hospital length of stay (p < 0.001). Overall, 12.9% (555/4311) of adult COVID-19 patients were diagnosed with malnutrition and were associated with an 87.9% increase in hospital length of stay (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In a cohort of COVID-19 adult inpatients, malnutrition was associated with a higher likelihood of mortality and increased hospital length of stay.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition Increases Hospital Length of Stay and Mortality among Adult Inpatients with COVID-19

et al. 2022

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“…This could possibly be linked to an unhealthier lifestyle and a higher chance to contact agents related to CKD from an agricultural environment, particularly among men in this study. Another positively associated factor with CKD in the population was underweight, which may be due to the loss of muscle mass and function (sarcopenia) as reported in both non-dialysis and dialysis CKD patients but more in the latter 3 stages and aged individuals 20 , 21 . Supporting these current findings, underweight Chinese subjects were revealed to have a high risk for kidney failure 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

High prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its related risk factors in rural areas of Northeast Thailand

Cha’on

Tippayawat

Sae-ung

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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In Thailand, chronic kidney disease (CKD) screening was reported in 2009 with an overall prevalence of 17.5% and the highest at 22.2% in the northeastern region. This study aimed to find out CKD prevalence of the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria and their related risk factors in the rural community. A population-based study was conducted in the rural sub-districts of northeastern Thailand. Data of socio-demographic status, lifestyle, underlying diseases, blood pressure, and body mass index were recorded. Blood and urine analysis was conducted along with ultrasonography of kidneys. Specimen collection and analyses were repeated after 3 months, and the factors associated with CKD were studied by logistic regression analysis. A total of 2205 participants with a mean age of 57.8 ± 11.7 years and female predominance (66.7%) completed the study. The prevalence of CKD was 26.8%, i.e., stages 1 (7.3%); stage 2 (9.0%); stage 3a (6.0%); stage 3b (2.8%); stage 4 (1.4%); and stage 5 (0.3%). Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and renal stones were the major underlying diseases. Only 3.5% of the participants were aware of having CKD. An increase in age, male, unemployment, current smoking, diabetes, hypertension, underweight, anemia, hyperuricemia, and leukocytosis were significantly associated factors with the disease. The study revealed that CKD has developed as a significant public health problem in rural northeastern Thailand and one out of every four people has CKD. Therefore, early interventions are essential for the proper management and prevention of CKD.

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“…A study from Brazil reported sarcopenia in 65.5% of patients with CKD 3b-5; however, the cohort was 2 decades older than the present study [ 15 ]. A sarcopenia prevalence of 28.1% is reported from Korea, in a cohort comprising of predominantly elderly individuals with late CKD stage 3 [ 16 ]. Another Brazilian study reported a sarcopenia prevalence of only 5.9% in non-dialysis CKD [ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of sarcopenia in Indian patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3 & 4

Dubey

Sahoo

Vairappan

et al. 2021

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

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Objectives There is limited literature on the prevalence and determinants of sarcopenia in the Indian predialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. The current study attempts to characterize sarcopenia in CKD stages 3 & 4 using 3-compartment model dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Methods This is secondary data from a randomized trial on bicarbonate supplementation for preserving muscle mass. A 3-compartment DXA was done to assess body composition in 188 subjects aged 18 to 65, with stable kidney function. Sarcopenia was defined by Asian Working Group criteria - appendicular skeletal mass index < 5.4 kg/m 2 in women and < 7 kg/m 2 in men. Results Sarcopenia was present in 69.1% (n = 130). There was no difference in the prevalence of sarcopenia in CKD stage 3 (n = 62; 72.1%) vs CKD stage 4 (n = 68, 66.7%); P = 0.434. A lower body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.69; 95% CI 1.43, 2.01) and lower bicarbonate levels (OR 1.22; 95% CI 1.02, 1.47), and age (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.91, 0.98) was independently associated with the muscle mass. A BMI cut-off of 18 failed to identify sarcopenia in 78.4% (n = 102) subjects (Kappa statistic 0.396). The receiver operating characteristic curve for mid-arm muscle circumference for identifying sarcopenia was 0.651 (95% CI 0.561, 0.740). Conclusions Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in CKD 3 and 4. Sarcopenic individuals are older, with a low BMI and lower bicarbonate levels. The anthropometric parameters and biochemical parameters did not help identify sarcopenia in the predialysis population.

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Late stage 3 chronic kidney disease is an independent risk factor for sarcopenia, but not proteinuria

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Malnutrition Increases Hospital Length of Stay and Mortality among Adult Inpatients with COVID-19

Malnutrition Increases Hospital Length of Stay and Mortality among Adult Inpatients with COVID-19

High prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its related risk factors in rural areas of Northeast Thailand

Prevalence and determinants of sarcopenia in Indian patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3 & 4

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