Late stages of anther development and anther attributes in Microepidendrum differs from other genera of Epidendrum alliance (Orchidaceae)

Valencia-Nieto, Benjamín; Sosa, Victoria; Márquez‐Guzmán, Judith

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2015.11.002

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Despite the enormous variation in the degree of incumbency or bending of the anther in Orchidaceae, three general pathways of achieving it have been identified, two of them observed in this work. The first pathway described from the distant subfamily Vanilloideae, is the result chiefly of the substantial elongation of the anther connective tissue ( Freudenstein, Harris & Rasmussen, 2002 ); the second pathway is present in the non vandoid epidendroids (where most of this study’s samples are placed), in which incumbency takes place on late ontogeny stages as the result of extension and tipping of the mature anthers ( Freudenstein, Harris & Rasmussen, 2002 ; Valencia-Nieto, Sosa & Márquez-Guzmán, 2016 ). The third and, the most variable pathway, the so-called Vandoid morphology or syndrome, is observed in the development of Corallorhiza maculata and Govenia alba of Calypsoinae (a subtribe recently included in Epidendreae) included in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Later Freudenstein (1994a) , Freudenstein (1994b) and Freudenstein, Harris & Rasmussen (2002) focused on the incumbency of the anther in the Vandoid orchids, detailing the process by which this group of Epidendroideae orchids develops inflexion, characterizing the vandoid morphology. Recently, Valencia-Nieto, Espinosa-Matias & Márquez-Guzmán (2011) and Valencia-Nieto, Sosa & Márquez-Guzmán (2016) provided detailed descriptions of the late ontogeny of column and anther in representative taxa of subtribe Laeliinae, using this character to hypothesize the phylogenetic position of the controversial genus Microepidendrum . Moreover, Freudenstein & Chase (2015) analyzed a few anther characters using the most recent phylogenetic hypothesis to understand patterns of diversification, looking for correlations between changes in specific characters and species diversity focusing in the Vandoid morphology (superposed pollinia, early anther inflexion and cellular pollinium stalk).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anther development in tribe Epidendreae: orchids with contrasting pollination syndromes

Valencia-Nieto

Sosa

Márquez‐Guzmán

2018

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BackgroundEpidendreae is one of the most diverse tribes among the orchids with remarkable variation in life form, floral morphology and pollination syndromes. Its circumscription was recently revised and subtribes Agrostophyllinae and Calypsoinae were transferred into this tribe. One of the principal floral characters utilized in classification of orchids is the incumbency or bending of the column. This study records and compares late stages of anther, column and lip development, and discusses anther characters in fifteen representative taxa of five of the six subtribes in Epidendreae with respect to classification and pollination biology.MethodsA series of late floral stages were sampled and fixed for examination under scanning electron microscope.ResultsAnther incumbency or bending in this group varies from 90° to almost 180°. Incumbency in the late stages of development is reached in Bletiinae, Ponerinae, Pleurothallidinae and Laeliinae whereas incumbency is reached early in its development in Corallorhiza and Govenia of Calypsoinae.DiscussionOur observations indicate that the position of Chysis in subtribe Bletiinae needs revision based on differences in a number floral, and in particular of anther characters; and that Coelia only shares the early anther incumbency with Calypsoinae members, but not the rest of floral and anther characters. Anatomical characters such as crystals around the actinocytic stomata on the anther cap and sugar crystals in Laeliinae; lack of rostellum in Bletiinae; coalescent anther with the column, lack of trichomes and papillae on lip keels, and underdeveloped rostellum in Chysis; a mechanism by which the anther cap comes off (it is joined with the grooved lip by a claw) in Isochilus are all related to pollination syndromes and reproductive biology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%