Late Summer Fog Use In The Drought Deciduous Shrub, Artemisia californica (Asteraceae)

Emery, Nathan; Lesage, Josephine C.

doi:10.3120/madr-62-03-150-157.1

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We chose to evaluate dominant species in the sage scrub association that differ in phenology and rooting depths. Artemisia californica is a drought‐deciduous shrub considered to have a shallow root system (Kirkpatrick and Hutchinson ) and may use fog water in the late summer (Emery and Lesage ). Salvia leucophylla is also a shallow‐rooted drought‐deciduous species with broader leaves than Ar.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fog and live fuel moisture in coastal California shrublands

2018

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Abstract. Across Mediterranean-type climate regions, seasonal drought desiccates plants, facilitating ignition and the spread of wildfires. Along the California coast, summertime fog has the potential to ameliorate drought conditions and thus reduce plant flammability during a critical time of elevated fire risk. This study investigated the uptake of dry season fog and how it affects live fuel moisture (LFM) in six dominant shrub species from chaparral and sage scrub plant associations. Fog water uptake was evaluated using stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen at several field sites in Santa Barbara County, California. Clear evidence of fog water uptake was identified only in Baccharis pilularis, from the sage scrub association. To determine the effects of fog on LFM, meteorological variables and indices including fog deposition were combined into principal components and the scores regressed against the LFM loss rate during the summer drought. Fog deposition slowed rates of LFM loss for all three sage scrub species tested, but it did not affect the chaparral species. Fog is a more regular occurrence in the sage scrub association, and thus, it is likely that fog ameliorates drought for species that experience consistent fog during the summer months. In coastal California, summer fog can be essential to plant water relations and reduce LFM loss rates during the summer drought. Understanding these effects is important in the context of changing climate in southern California and fire-prone regions around the world.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, Baguskas et al. , Emery and Lesage ). Fog could potentially alter patterns of LFM decline, yet these effects are unstudied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fog and live fuel moisture in coastal California shrublands

2018

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“…Artemisia californica is a drought-deciduous shrub considered to have a shallow root system 147 (Kirkpatrick and Hutchinson 1977) and may use fog water in the late summer (Emery and Lesage 2015). 148…”

Section: Species Selection 144 145mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fog and live fuel moisture in coastal California shrublands

Emery

D’Antonio

Still

2017

Preprint

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9Across most Mediterranean-type climate regions, seasonal drought desiccates plants, facilitating ignition 10 and the spread of wildfires. Along the California coast, summertime fog has the potential to ameliorate 11 drought conditions and thus reduce plant flammability during a critical time of elevated fire risk. This 12 study investigated the uptake of dry season fog and how it affects live fuel moisture in six dominant shrub 13 species from chaparral and sage scrub plant associations. Fog water uptake was evaluated using stable 14 isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen at several field sites in Santa Barbara County, California. Clear 15 evidence of fog water uptake was identified only in Baccharis pilularis, from the sage scrub association. 16To determine the effects of fog on live fuel moisture, meteorological variables and indices including fog 17 deposition were combined into principal components and the scores regressed against the live fuel 18 moisture loss rate during the summer drought. Fog deposition slowed rates of live fuel moisture loss for 19all three sage scrub species tested, but it did not affect the chaparral species. Fog is a more regular 20 occurrence in the sage scrub association and thus it is likely that fog ameliorates drought for species that 21 experience consistent fog during the summer months. In coastal California, summer fog can be essential 22 to plant water relations and reduce live fuel moisture loss rates during the summer drought. 23

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Foliar uptake of fog in coastal California shrub species

Emery

2016

Oecologia

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Understanding plant water uptake is important in ecosystems that experience periodic drought. In many Mediterranean-type climates like coastal California, plants are subject to significant drought and wildfire disturbance. During the dry summer months, coastal shrub species are often exposed to leaf wetting from overnight fog events. This study sought to determine whether foliar uptake of fog occurs in shrub species and how this uptake affects physiology and fuel condition. In a controlled greenhouse experiment, dominant California shrub species were exposed to isotopically labeled fog water and plant responses were measured. Potted plants were covered at the base to prevent root uptake. The deuterium label was detected in the leaves of four out of five species and in the stems of two of the species. While there was a minimal effect of foliar water uptake on live fuel moisture, several species had lower xylem tension and greater photosynthetic rates after overnight fog treatments, especially Salvia leucophylla. Coastal fog may provide a moisture source for many species during the summer drought, but the utilization of this water source may vary based on foliar morphology, phenology and plant water balance. From this study, it appears that drought-deciduous species (Artemisia californica and Salvia leucophylla) benefit more from overnight fog events than evergreen species (Adenostoma fasciculatum, Baccharis pilularis and Ceanothus megacarpus). This differential response to fog exposure among California shrub species may affect species distributions and physiological tolerances under future climate scenarios.

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Late Summer Fog Use In The Drought Deciduous Shrub, Artemisia californica (Asteraceae)

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Fog and live fuel moisture in coastal California shrublands

Fog and live fuel moisture in coastal California shrublands

Fog and live fuel moisture in coastal California shrublands

Foliar uptake of fog in coastal California shrub species

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