Latent ERP components of cognitive dysfunctions in ADHD and schizophrenia

Kropotov, Juri D.; Pronina, M. V.; Пономарев, В. А.; Poliakov, Yury I; Плотникова, И. В.; Mueller, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2019.01.015

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Moreover, the ERPs analyzed in this study may represent summations of hidden components, so that the decomposition of those deflections into latent components by blind source separation methods might enhance the effect sizes. 49…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and Neurophysiological Markers of ADHD in Children, Adolescents, and Adults: A Large-Scale Clinical Study

Münger

Candrian²,

Kasper³

et al. 2021

Clin EEG Neurosci

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This study aimed to re-evaluate the possible differences between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subjects and healthy controls in the context of a standard Go/NoGo task (visual continuous performance test [VCPT]), frequently used to measure executive functions. In contrast to many previous studies, our sample comprises children, adolescents, and adults. We analyzed data from 447 ADHD patients and 227 healthy controls. By applying multivariate linear regression analyses, we controlled the group differences between ADHD patients and controls for age and sex. As dependent variables we used behavioral (number of omission and commission errors, reaction time, and reaction time variability) and neurophysiological measures (event-related potentials [ERPs]). In summary, we successfully replicated the deviations of ADHD subjects from healthy controls. The differences are small to moderate when expressed as effect size measures (number of omission errors: d = 0.60, reaction time variability: d = 0.56, contingent negative variation (CNV) and P3 amplitudes: −0.35 < d < −0.47, ERP latencies: 0.21 < d < 0.29). Further analyses revealed no substantial differences between ADHD subtypes (combined, inattentive, and hyperactive/impulsive presentation), subgroups according to high- and low-symptomatic burden or methylphenidate intake for their daily routine. We successfully replicated known differences between ADHD subjects and controls for the behavioral and neurophysiological variables. However, the small-to-moderate effect sizes limit their utility as biomarkers in the diagnostic procedure. The incongruence of self-reported symptomatic burden and clinical diagnosis emphasizes the challenges of the present clinical diagnosis with low reliability, which partially accounts for the low degree of discrimination between ADHD subjects and controls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and Neurophysiological Markers of ADHD in Children, Adolescents, and Adults: A Large-Scale Clinical Study

Münger

Candrian²,

Kasper³

et al. 2021

Clin EEG Neurosci

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“…Two prominent components of these difference waves have been proposed: (a) the fronto-central N2d and (b) the fronto-central P3d (Kropotov et al, 2019). Recent studies clearly show an association of the N2d with conflict detection and P3d with action inhibition (Enriquez-Geppert et al, 2010;Randall and Smith, 2011;Albert et al, 2013;Kropotov et al, 2019). The differences between individuals with and without ADHD in these studies emphasize the importance of conflict detection and inhibitory control for the disorder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Nonetheless, the role in inhibitory control is of great interest for ADHD, more so for the predominantly hyperactive/impulsive presentation. While some studies with adolescents found attenuated N2 amplitudes in ADHD subjects compared to controls (Woltering et al, 2013), studies with adults did not find group differences (Grane et al, 2016;Kropotov et al, 2019). This may indicate that inhibition is of lower importance in adult ADHD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…These difference waves indicate elegantly the involved neurophysiological and psychological processes. Two prominent components of these difference waves have been proposed: (a) the fronto-central N2d and (b) the fronto-central P3d (Kropotov et al, 2019). Recent studies clearly show an association of the N2d with conflict detection and P3d with action inhibition (Enriquez-Geppert et al, 2010;Randall and Smith, 2011;Albert et al, 2013;Kropotov et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal Analysis of Self-Reported Symptoms, Behavioral Measures, and Event-Related Potential Components of a Cued Go/NoGo Task in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Controls

Münger

Sele

Candrian³

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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This study characterizes a large sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls regarding their task performance and neurophysiology; cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Self-reported symptoms, behavioral measures, and event-related potentials from a classical cued Go/NoGo task were used to outline the symptom burden, executive function deficits and neurophysiological features, and the associations between these domains. The study participants (N = 210 ADHD, N = 158 controls, age: 18–62 years) were assessed five (ADHD) or three (controls) times over two years. We describe cross-sectional and longitudinal group differences, and associations between symptom burden, and behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) components variables by latent growth curve models, including random slopes and intercepts. The ADHD group showed increased reaction time variability, increased commission and omission errors, and attenuated cueP3, CNV, N2d, and P3d amplitudes. We observed a decrease in self-reported symptoms in the ADHD group over the two years. The behavioral measures (reaction time variability, number of omission, and commission errors) did not change over time, whereas the cueP3, P3d, and N2d amplitude attenuated in both groups. There was no evidence for a robust association between symptom burden and behavioral or ERP measures. The changes in the ERP components with stable task performance, potentially indicate more efficient neuronal processing over the two years. Whether the lack of association between symptom burden and behavioral or ERP measures might be due to the low reliability of the ADHD assessment criteria, or the inappropriateness of the objective measures cannot be inferred.

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“…A hidden component, thought to reflect detection of conflict, was found. A N2-like response and frontal topography characterized this component 35 . In trials requiring inhibition of prepared actions a central topography and P3-like response was seen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Øgrim

Kropotov

2020

JoVE

Self Cite

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Neuropsychiatric diagnoses like ADHD are based on subjective methods like interviews, rating scales and observations. There is a need for more brain-based supplements. Stimulant medication is the most common treatment for ADHD. Clinically useful predictors of response have so far not been reported. The aim of this paper is to describe the EEG based methods we apply to extract potential biomarkers for brain dysfunction. Examples relate to biomarkers for pediatric ADHD, and prediction of medication response. The main emphasis is on Event Related Potentials (ERPs). A nineteen channel EEG is recorded during a 3 min eyes-opened task, a 3 min eyes-closed task, and a 20 min cued visual GO/NOGO task (VCPT). ERPs are recorded during this task. The goal of the ERP protocol is to extract biomarkers of assumed brain dysfunctions that significantly differentiate between a patient group and healthy controls. The protocol includes recording during standard conditions and artifact correction. ERP waves can be used or transformed into latent components. The components of the patient group are compared with controls, empathizing components that, when compared, show relatively high effect sizes. Subgroups of the patients are selected on the basis of the cluster analysis in the space of the components. Treatment procedure (such as medication, tDCS or neurofeedback protocol) can be applied and the changes in components related to treatment in the subgroups are observed, forming the basis for clinical recommendations. The methods described were applied in a study of 87 pediatric ADHD patients. The index of medication response discriminated significantly between responders and non-responders with a large, and clinically meaningful effect size (d = 1.84). In an ongoing study comparing ADHD children with matched controls, several variables discriminate significantly between patients and controls. The global index will exceed d = .8. The EEG based methods described here could be clinically meaningful.

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Latent ERP components of cognitive dysfunctions in ADHD and schizophrenia

Cited by 15 publications

References 68 publications

Behavioral and Neurophysiological Markers of ADHD in Children, Adolescents, and Adults: A Large-Scale Clinical Study

Behavioral and Neurophysiological Markers of ADHD in Children, Adolescents, and Adults: A Large-Scale Clinical Study

Longitudinal Analysis of Self-Reported Symptoms, Behavioral Measures, and Event-Related Potential Components of a Cued Go/NoGo Task in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Controls

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

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