Latent iron deficiency at birth influences auditory neural maturation in late preterm and term infants

Choudhury, Vivek; Amin, Sanjiv B.; Agarwal, Asha; Lm, Srivastava; Soni, Arun; Saluja, Satish

doi:10.3945/ajcn.115.113084

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Although half of anemia cases are due to iron deficiency anemia (IDA), the most severe form of ID, the prevalence of ID without anemia, is three to five times greater than IDA [5]. Importantly, emerging studies support that ID without anemia during fetal brain development can have negative consequences on neurotransmission and myelination in the auditory pathway with auditory brainstem response (ABR) displaying abnormally decreased wave amplitudes and increased inter-wave latencies [6,7,8,9]. Currently, we only measure hematological data including hemoglobin (Hb), serum level of iron (SI), hematocrit (Hct) and serum ferritin (SF), which is not optimal for reflecting the iron status of the animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Low Iron Diet Increases Susceptibility to Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Young Rats

Hao

Yang

et al. 2016

Nutrients

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We evaluated the role of iron deficiency (ID) without anemia on hearing function and cochlear pathophysiology of young rats before and after noise exposure. We used rats at developmental stages as an animal model to induce ID without anemia by dietary iron restriction. We have established this dietary restriction model in the rat that should enable us to study the effects of iron deficiency in the absence of severe anemia on hearing and ribbon synapses. Hearing function was measured on Postnatal Day (PND) 21 after induction of ID using auditory brainstem response (ABR). Then, the young rats were exposed to loud noise on PND 21. After noise exposure, hearing function was again measured. We observed the morphology of ribbon synapses, hair cells and spiral ganglion cells (SGCs), and assessed the expression of myosin VIIa, vesicular glutamate transporter 3 and prestin in the cochlea. ID without anemia did not elevate ABR threshold shifts, but reduced ABR wave I peak amplitude of young rats. At 70, 80, and 90 dB SPL, amplitudes of wave I (3.11 ± 0.96 µV, 3.52 ± 1.31 µV, and 4.37 ± 1.08 µV, respectively) in pups from the ID group were decreased compared to the control (5.92 ± 1.67 µV, 6.53 ± 1.70 µV, and 6.90 ± 1.76 µV, respectively) (p < 0.05). Moreover, ID without anemia did not impair the morphology hair cells and SGCs, but decreased the number of ribbon synapses. Before noise exposure, the mean number of ribbon synapses per inner hair cell (IHC) was significantly lower in the ID group (8.44 ± 1.21) compared to that seen in the control (13.08 ± 1.36) (p < 0.05). In addition, the numbers of ribbon synapses per IHC of young rats in the control (ID group) were 6.61 ± 1.59, 3.07 ± 0.83, 5.85 ± 1.63 and 12.25 ± 1.97 (3.75 ± 1.45, 2.03 ± 1.08, 3.81 ± 1.70 and 4.01 ± 1.65) at 1, 4, 7 and 14 days after noise exposure, respectively. Moreover, ABR thresholds at 4 and 8 kHz in young rats from the ID group were significantly elevated at 7 and 14 days after noise exposure compared to control (p < 0.05). The average number of young rat SGCs from the ID group were significantly decreased in the basal turn of the cochlea compared to the control (p < 0.05). Therefore, ID without anemia delayed the recovery from noise-induced hearing loss and ribbon synapses damage, increased SGCs loss, and upregulated prestin after noise exposure. Thus, the cochleae in rat pups with ID without anemia were potentially susceptible to loud noise exposure, and this deficit may be attributed to the reduction of ribbon synapses and SGCs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Low Iron Diet Increases Susceptibility to Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Young Rats

Hao

Yang

et al. 2016

Nutrients

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“…Recognition memory in first year of life may be a predictor of cognitive functions and intelligence later during childhood 5. These findings reaffirm previous observations of the adverse effect of LID on neuronal maturation, assessed by ABR wave latencies 3 6. Whether these changes improve with age or reverse with correction of iron deficiency state is not known.…”

Section: Commentarysupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The association of fetal-neonatal latent iron deficiency (LID) with abnormal neurocognition during early infancy has been evaluated by hippocampal event-related potentials (ERPs) for memory recognition and by auditory brainstem response (ABR) for auditory neuronal maturation 2 3. LID during infancy has also been associated with poor neurocognitive outcomes with impaired mental and psychomotor functions at school age 4.…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal-neonatal iron deficiency is associated with poorer auditory recognition memory at 2 months of age

Saluja

Modi

2016

Evid Based Med

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“…Multiple facets of intracellular iron metabolism support oligodendrocytes signaling pathways, proliferation, and formation of myelin, which are critical for auditory neurotransmission [22]. Additionally, Choudhury and his coworkers [21] reinforce the importance of micronutrient imbalance or deficiency as determinants of hearing loss. The authors reported higher intakes of β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, and folate to be protective against incident hearing loss.…”

Section: Micronutrients That Affect Hearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nutritional origins of hearing loss differ in chronically undernourished settings [14], where etiologies of premature dysfunction may start in-utero. In India, Choudhury, et al [21] screened newborn hearing via the auditory brainstem response. Delayed interpeak latencies and wave V latency, as observed in newborns with latent iron deficiency (i.e., cord plasma serum ferritin ≤75 ng/mL), is highly suggestive of abnormal myelination of the auditory pathway.…”

Section: Micronutrients That Affect Hearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hidden Hungers and Hearing Loss in Children

Bk¹

2017

OOAJ

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Hidden hungers and Micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs) are global challenges that have a huge impact on health of vulnerable population like children. Nutritional imbalances are increasingly thought to be a causative factor in hearing loss. However, less attention has been paid towards MNDs, which can be prevented. Therefore, this mini-review aims to draw attention of concerned authorities and researchers to combat against MNDs that affect hearing. The major causes of MNDs were poor diet, diseases and infestations, and poor health caring practices. Hearing loss has profound health, social, and economic consequences. Affected children are likely to experience speech, language, and cognitive delays and poor school performance. Only severe prenatal iodine deficiency is listed by the WHO as a nutritional cause of hearing loss, leaving the broad roles of diet and nutrition within its complex set of etiologies yet to be defined.

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Latent iron deficiency at birth influences auditory neural maturation in late preterm and term infants

Abstract: Latent iron deficiency is associated with abnormal auditory neural maturation in infants at ≥34 wk gestational age. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02503397.

Cited by 44 publications

References 29 publications

RETRACTED: Low Iron Diet Increases Susceptibility to Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Young Rats

RETRACTED: Low Iron Diet Increases Susceptibility to Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Young Rats

Fetal-neonatal iron deficiency is associated with poorer auditory recognition memory at 2 months of age

Hidden Hungers and Hearing Loss in Children

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