Latent-level relations between DSM-5 PTSD symptom clusters and problematic smartphone use

Contractor, Ateka A.; Frankfurt, Sheila; Weiss, Nicole H.; Elhai, Jon D.

doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.02.051

Cited by 50 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…These findings concur with previous research that identified strong relations between PTSD severity and problematic technology use, specifically smartphone addiction (Contractor, Weiss, Tull, & Elhai, 2017). It has been suggested that PTSD and problematic smartphone use share common risk factors (Contractor, Frankfurt, Weiss, & Elhai, 2017), such as low self‐esteem, impulsivity, and neuroticism. A strong association has also been reported between PTSD severity and verbal aggression (Byrne & Riggs, 1996), and levels of verbal aggression have been found to be higher in women with compared to without PTSD (Kirby et al., 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Reckless Behaviors: A Network Analysis Approach

Armour

Greene

Contractor

et al. 2020

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Existing literature indicates a theoretical and empirical relation between engagement in reckless behaviors and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Thus, the DSM‐5 revision of the PTSD nosology added a new “reckless or self‐destructive behavior” (RSDB) symptom (Criterion E2). The current study applied a network analytic approach to examine the item‐level relations among a range of reckless behaviors and PTSD symptom clusters. Participants were recruited from Amazon's Mechanical Turk (N = 417), and network analysis was conducted with 20 variables: six PTSD symptom clusters, corresponding to the hybrid model of PTSD (Armour et al., 2015) and excluding the externalizing behavior cluster (Community 1), and 14 items related to reckless behavior (Community 2). The results showed that the network associations were strongest within each construct (i.e., within PTSD and within reckless behaviors), although several bridge connections (i.e., between PTSD clusters and reckless behaviors) were identified. Most reckless behavior items had direct associations with one or more PTSD symptom clusters. The present findings support the existence of close relations between a variety of reckless behaviors and PTSD symptom clusters beyond their relations with DSM Criterion E2. The results provide testable hypotheses about the associations between specific reckless behaviors and PTSD symptom clusters, which may inform future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Reckless Behaviors: A Network Analysis Approach

Armour

Greene

Contractor

et al. 2020

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…Thus, excessive use of the Internet may be coping efforts with negative feelings such as PTSD symptoms in the name of self-medication. On the other hand, excessive use of the Internet may be the cause of PTSD [28] and also PTSD symptoms may be triggered by the images and sounds, that vulnerable individual sees or hears in the Internet, which may be related with their trauma. As a result, the relationship between PTSD symptoms and IASS can be bi-directional.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PTSD is a serious and often chronic response to overwhelmingly stressful events [25] and according to Epidemiology of DSM-5 Drug Use Disorder study [26], PTSD symptoms is also related with 12-month and lifetime SUD. Furthermore, PTSD symptoms are not only related with SUD, but they are also related with behavioural addictions such as gambling [27] and problematic smartphone [28]. People with PTSD may be at risk for behavioural addictions as a means of coping with their symptoms [28].…”

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, PTSD symptoms are not only related with SUD, but they are also related with behavioural addictions such as gambling [27] and problematic smartphone [28]. People with PTSD may be at risk for behavioural addictions as a means of coping with their symptoms [28]. Moreover, Bailin et al [29] suggested that the increase in the usage of the Internet and social media sites now makes it easier for a student to bully a peer, and adolescents represent the majority of cyber bullying victims.…”

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship of internet addiction symptom severity with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and impulsivity among Turkish university students

Evren

Dalbudak²,

Evren

et al. 2018

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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OBJECTIVES: The first aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of impulsivity with Internet addiction symptom severity (IASS), and the second aim was to evaluate the mediator effect of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms on this relationship among Turkish university students. METHODS: A total of 314 Turkish university students participated in this study. However, 268 students who answered "YES" to the any question concerning various traumatic experiences were included in the study. The students were assessed through sociodemographic questionnaire, the Internet Addiction Scale (IAS), the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale 11-Short Form (BIS-11-SF). RESULTS: According to Internet addiction risk severity (IARS), the participants were classified into the three groups as high (25.0%, n = 67), mild (33.6%, n = 90), and no risk (41.4%, n = 111) of IA. Total score of BIS-11-SF and subscale scores (non-planning impulsivity [NPI], motor impulsivity [MI], and attention impulsivity [AI]) were higher in the group with high IARS. Scale scores were mildly correlated with each other. Finally, hierarchical regression analysis indicated that severity of MI, AI, and PTSD symptoms, especially hyperarousal symptoms, were the main predictors for IASS. CONCLUSIONS: There was strong relationship between impulsivity and IASS and this relationship persist even after severity of PTSD symptoms was entered in the analysis among Turkish university students. Severity of PTSD symptoms especially hyperarousal symptoms, may partially mediate the relationship between severity of impulsivity (especially MI and AI) and IASS.

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“…Still, not many studies have used a CFA approach to verify the NMP-Q as a means of understanding the addictive nature of cellphones. One of the few studies that examined addictive behavior and cellphones argued that addictive behaviors were attributed to coping mechanisms that are a part of common symptomology related to mental health adversities such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) ( Contractor et al., 2017 ). Contractor et al.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Addicted to cellphones: exploring the psychometric properties between the nomophobia questionnaire and obsessiveness in college students

Lee

Kim

Mendoza

et al. 2018

Heliyon

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A potential new clinical disorder is arising due to the addiction to cellphones called nomophobia—or feelings of discomfort or anxiety experienced by individuals when they are unable to use their mobile phones or utilize the conveniences these devices provide. However, before being able to officially classify this disorder as clinically relevant, more research needs to be conducted to determine how nomophobia relates to existing disorders. In a sample of 397 undergraduate students, the present study examined the relationship between the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) and the Obsessiveness Content Scale (OBS) of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (the MMPI-2). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test whether the OBS Content Scale would be related to a one-factor NMP-Q solution (Fig. 1) or a four-factor NMP-Q solution (Fig. 2). Convergent and divergent validity were also investigated. The four-factor model was a better fit than the one-factor model as indicated by most fit indices. The findings showed that the OBS latent variable was correlated with all of the four NMP-Q latent variables. Mixed support was found for convergent validity, but high support was found for the divergent validity of the NMP-Q factors. This study contributes to a growing body of literature seeking to better understand the addictive nature of cellphones and takes a new perspective on addiction research and obsessiveness. These findings provide a better understanding between pre-existing assessments of personality disorders (e.g., obsessiveness) that are emerging from the overuse of mobile phones or the excessive fear of losing one's cell phone.

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Latent-level relations between DSM-5 PTSD symptom clusters and problematic smartphone use

Cited by 50 publications

References 75 publications

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Reckless Behaviors: A Network Analysis Approach

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Reckless Behaviors: A Network Analysis Approach

The relationship of internet addiction symptom severity with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and impulsivity among Turkish university students

Addicted to cellphones: exploring the psychometric properties between the nomophobia questionnaire and obsessiveness in college students

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