Latent periods of septoria tritici blotch on ten cultivars of wheat

Viljanen-Rollinson, S.L.H.; Marroni, M.V.; Butler, R.C.; Deng, Yun; Armour, T.

doi:10.30843/nzpp.2005.58.4290

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…, 2004; Lovell et al. , 2004; Viljanen‐Rollinson et al. , 2005), while an increase in latent period was even observed at low temperatures (< 4·3°C), perhaps reflecting a physiological trade‐off in which ability to grow fast at high temperatures is sacrificed for ability to grow fast at low temperatures (Shaw, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative importance of different types of inoculum to the establishment of Mycosphaerella graminicola in wheat crops in north‐west Europe

Suffert¹,

Sache²

2011

Plant Pathology

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The contribution of wheat debris to the early stages of septoria leaf blotch epidemics was assessed in a 3-year field experiment. First lesions were detected very early (December) in the case of an early sowing (mid-October), showing that the first contamination could occur as soon as the seedlings emerge. The tested debris management options (chopped debris, removal of debris followed by tillage, or tillage in absence of debris) had a strong effect, although transient, on the epidemic dynamic: the more debris present on the soil surface, the more severe initial disease was. The magnitude of differences between treatments differed substantially between years. The relative production of pycnidiospores and ascospores was measured on the chopped debris. Peaks in pycnidiospore and ascospore production coincided in October-November. Both types of spores can be involved as primary inoculum in north-west European conditions. The local amount of pycnidiospores available on debris in the field, estimated per square metre, was 1000-fold the local ascospore production. Moreover, inoculum production was quantified on debris exposed to different environmental conditions. Autumnal conditions, characterized by moderate temperature with alternating wet and dry periods, were favourable for the production of both pycnidiospores and ascospores, as shown by the high inoculum production on debris exposed to field or outdoor conditions. By late autumn, the canopy became the most important source of pycnidiospores, and this period, characterized by the decreasing role of debris as a local source of inoculum compared to distant potential sources, can be considered as the end of the early epidemic stages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative importance of different types of inoculum to the establishment of Mycosphaerella graminicola in wheat crops in north‐west Europe

Suffert¹,

Sache²

2011

Plant Pathology

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“…Not surprisingly, based on the epidemiology of Z. tritici in the field, varieties that induce longer LPs tend to slow down disease progression (Viljanen‐Rollinson et al ., ). However, previous reports on the relationship between LP and variety performance are predominantly based on controlled‐environment experiments or field experiments where STB inoculum is artificially applied (Armour et al ., ; Lovell et al ., ; Viljanen‐Rollinson et al ., ; Šíp et al ., ). While informative, such experiments can be limited by the restricted number of isolates employed and hence may not provide scope to determine the durability of the studied genotypes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The duration of the LP is dependent on multiple factors including, but not limited to, wheat genotype, varietal growth stage when inoculated, environmental conditions and inoculum density (Hess & Shaner, ; Thomas et al ., ; Shaw, ; Armour et al ., ; Lovell et al ., ; Viljanen‐Rollinson et al ., ; Henze et al ., ). Not surprisingly, based on the epidemiology of Z. tritici in the field, varieties that induce longer LPs tend to slow down disease progression (Viljanen‐Rollinson et al ., ). However, previous reports on the relationship between LP and variety performance are predominantly based on controlled‐environment experiments or field experiments where STB inoculum is artificially applied (Armour et al ., ; Lovell et al ., ; Viljanen‐Rollinson et al ., ; Šíp et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal and spatial field evaluations highlight the importance of the presymptomatic phase in supporting strong partial resistance in Triticum aestivum against Zymoseptoria tritici

et al. 2017

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Zymoseptoria tritici, the causal agent of septoria tritici blotch (STB), remains a significant threat to European wheat production with the continuous emergence of fungicide resistance in Z. tritici strains eroding the economic sustainability of wheat production systems. The life cycle of Z. tritici is characterized by a presymptomatic phase (latent period, LP) after which the pathogen switches to an aggressive necrotrophic stage, when lesions bearing pycnidia quickly manifest on the leaf. As minimal knowledge of the possible role of the LP in supporting STB resistance/susceptibility exists, the goal of this study was to investigate the spatial and temporal association between the LP and disease progression across three locations (Ireland -Waterford, Carlow; UK -Norwich) that represent commercially high, medium and low STB pressure environments. Completed over two seasons (2013)(2014)(2015) with commercially grown cultivars, the potential of the LP in stalling STB epidemics was significant as identified with cv. Stigg, whose high level of partial resistance was characterized by a lengthened LP (c. 36 days) under the high disease pressure environment of Waterford. However, once the LP concluded it was followed by a rate of disease progression in cv. Stigg that was comparable to that observed in the more susceptible commercial varieties. Complementary analysis, via logistic modelling of intensive disease assessments made at Carlow and Waterford in 2015, further highlighted the value of a lengthened LP in supporting strong partial resistance against STB disease of wheat.

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“…These distributions are usually assumed to account for random variation between hosts, rather than systematic differences in latent periods due to e.g. interactions between a pathogen genotype and a host genotype (Viljanen-Rollinson et al 2005). The mean value of the latent period is also usually assumed to remain constant throughout an epidemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some empirical arguments demonstrating that the latent period varies over the course of a plant disease epidemic

Suffert

Thompson

2017

Preprint

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-The latent period is a crucial life history trait, particularly for polycyclic plant diseases, because it determines how many complete monocycles could theoretically occur during an epidemic. Many studies have focused on the variation of latent period with pathogen or host genotype, or its plasticity in response to environmental factors. The focus on these aspects is unsurprising, as these factors classically form the apices of the epidemiological triangle. Experiments in controlled conditions are generally used to assess pathogenicity and host susceptibility. Most epidemiological studies consider implicitly that the latent period of a plant pathogen population is constant in time. Once estimated for one or several pairs of host-pathogen genotypes, the value of the parameter 'latent period' is usually considered fixed and is often used "as is" in epidemiological models. My thesis here is that the latent period can display non-negligible variability over the course of a disease epidemic, and that this variability has multiple sources, some of which have complex, antagonistic impacts. I develop arguments for four sources of variation challenging the implicit assumption that the latent period remains constant: daily fluctuations in leaf temperature, nature of inoculum, host stage or age of host tissues, intrapopulation competition and selection for aggressiveness traits. I focus on the wheat fungal pathogen Septoria tritici blotch (Zymoseptoria tritici), making use of empirical datasets collected during my own research projects and a targeted literature review. Finally I discuss in which cases certain sources of these variations should be accounted for into epidemiological models.

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Latent periods of septoria tritici blotch on ten cultivars of wheat

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Relative importance of different types of inoculum to the establishment of Mycosphaerella graminicola in wheat crops in north‐west Europe

Relative importance of different types of inoculum to the establishment of Mycosphaerella graminicola in wheat crops in north‐west Europe

Temporal and spatial field evaluations highlight the importance of the presymptomatic phase in supporting strong partial resistance in Triticum aestivum against Zymoseptoria tritici

Some empirical arguments demonstrating that the latent period varies over the course of a plant disease epidemic

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