Later Stone Age shellfishing behaviour at Dunefield Midden (Western Cape, South Africa)

Life on the Margins : An Archaeological Investigation of Late Holocene Economic Variability, Blue Mud Bay, Northern Australia

“…Consequently, larger and older shells would be expected to dominate the midden samples as hunter-gatherers would preferentially select the larger, higher meat-yielding individuals (Mannino and omas 2002:459-60). However, smaller size classes have to be collected if the size ranges represented within a population are signi cantly reduced (Tonner 2005(Tonner :1403Faulkner 2009:831). As indicated by the percentage of juveniles by excavation unit and approximate age (although the degree of variability is higher in this case), there is a relationship between decreasing valve size and an increase in younger/ smaller individuals within these sites.…”

Using non-dietary gastropods in coastal shell middens to infer kelp and seagrass harvesting and paleoenvironmental conditions

“…Although temporal scales for archaeological assemblages are often longer than ideal for ecological studies, shell middens around the globe contain substantial evidence that human harvesters impacted the size structure and relative abundances of exploited populations (Jerardino 1997(Jerardino , 2010Langejans et al 2012;Mannino and Thomas 2002;Parkington, 2008;Sealy and Galimberti 2011;Tonner 2005;and others). Nevertheless, factors such as species interactions and trophic level dynamics, and changes in oceanographic temperature and sea level complicate anthropogenic induced effects of predation and its clues in the archaeological record (see Bailey and Milner 2008;Dayton et al 1998;Mannino and Thomas 2002).…”

The causes and scope of political egalitarianism during the Last Glacial: a multi-disciplinary perspective

“…162-175). Instead, some of the most highly resolved spatial patterning and best opportunities for reconstructing social organization come from open-air locales, particularly when archaeological research designs call for large horizontal exposures Enloe and David 1992;Enloe et al 1994;Gamble 1991;Kroll and Price 1991;Parkington et al 1992;Nadel 2002;Nadel and Werker 1999;Soffer 1985;Stewart 2008;Roebroeks 1988;Tonner 2005;Van Noten 1978;Van Noten et al 1980;Yellen 1976Yellen , 1977. Most Last Glacial sites of this sort exhibit domestic spatial organization comparable to contemporary nomadic forager camps.…”