Lateral geniculate atrophy in Parkinson's with visual hallucination: A trans‐synaptic degeneration?

Lee, Jee Young; Yoon, Eun Jin; Lee, Woong-Woo; Kim, Yu Kyeong; Lee, Jun Young; Jeon, Beomseok

doi:10.1002/mds.26533

Cited by 37 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Our finding of white matter changes in posterior thalamic projections is consistent with previous work using tensorderived metrics that showed reduced FA in the optic nerve and optic radiation in an analysis of 5 manually determined regions of interest 34 and increased MD within tracts from the nucleus basalis of Meynert to parietal and occipital regions in patients with PD/VH. 35 In contrast, past whole-brain tensorbased analyses had not revealed any specific white matter changes between PD/VH and PD/non-VH.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Fiber-specific white matter reductions in Parkinson hallucinations and visual dysfunction

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveTo investigate the microstructural and macrostructural white matter changes that accompany visual hallucinations and low visual performance in Parkinson disease, a risk factor for Parkinson dementia.MethodsWe performed fixel-based analysis, a novel technique that provides metrics of specific fiber-bundle populations within a voxel (or fixel). Diffusion MRI data were acquired from patients with Parkinson disease (n = 105, of whom 34 were low visual performers and 19 were hallucinators) and age-matched controls (n = 35). We used whole-brain fixel-based analysis to compare microstructural differences in fiber density (FD), macrostructural differences in fiber bundle cross section (FC), and the combined FD and FC (FDC) metric across all white matter fixels. We then performed a tract-of-interest analysis comparing the most sensitive FDC metric across 11 tracts within the visual system.ResultsPatients with Parkinson disease hallucinations exhibited macrostructural changes (reduced FC) within the splenium of the corpus callosum and the left posterior thalamic radiation compared to patients without hallucinations. While there were no significant changes in FD, we found large reductions in the combined FDC metric in Parkinson hallucinators within the splenium (>50% reduction compared to nonhallucinators). Patients with Parkinson disease and low visual performance showed widespread microstructural and macrostructural changes within the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum, bilateral posterior thalamic radiations, and left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus.ConclusionsWe demonstrate specific white matter tract degeneration affecting posterior thalamic tracts in patients with Parkinson disease with hallucinations and low visual performance, providing direct mechanistic support for attentional models of visual hallucinations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Fiber-specific white matter reductions in Parkinson hallucinations and visual dysfunction

et al. 2020

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“…Studies investigating VH in LBD using more than one approach or imaging technique were included in more than one section of the review and the findings for each technique reported separately in the relevant section. There were eight studies combining different techniques, specifically structural and functional MRI [ 16 , 17 ]; structural MRI and PET [ 18 , 19 ]; structural MRI and DTI [ 20 , 21 ]; structural MRI, DTI, and fMRI [ 22 ]; and fMRI and arterial spin labelling (ASL)-MRI [ 23 ]. Moreover, in two structural MRI studies, different methods were used to investigate regional brain volumes [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the VBM studies described above, other studies have investigated brain morphological features of predefined ROI, especially their overall volume [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 41 , 42 ], and shape [ 22 ] in LBD. Three studies examined group differences in cortical thickness using the Freesurfer software package (and adopting thresholds corrected for multiple comparisons) [ 16 , 17 , 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three studies examined group differences in cortical thickness using the Freesurfer software package (and adopting thresholds corrected for multiple comparisons) [ 16 , 17 , 43 ]. Seven studies investigated volumetric [ 20 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 42 ] or cortical thickness [ 16 , 17 ] differences between PD patients with and without VH. Only three studies focused on the comparison between DLB and AD patients, and reported an association with VH indices [ 18 , 19 , 41 , 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural and Functional Neuroimaging of Visual Hallucinations in Lewy Body Disease: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2017

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Patients with Lewy body disease (LBD) frequently experience visual hallucinations (VH), well-formed images perceived without the presence of real stimuli. The structural and functional brain mechanisms underlying VH in LBD are still unclear. The present review summarises the current literature on the neural correlates of VH in LBD, namely Parkinson’s disease (PD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Following a systematic literature search, 56 neuroimaging studies of VH in PD and DLB were critically reviewed and evaluated for quality assessment. The main structural neuroimaging results on VH in LBD revealed grey matter loss in frontal areas in patients with dementia, and parietal and occipito-temporal regions in PD without dementia. Parietal and temporal hypometabolism was also reported in hallucinating PD patients. Disrupted functional connectivity was detected especially in the default mode network and fronto-parietal regions. However, evidence on structural and functional connectivity is still limited and requires further investigation. The current literature is in line with integrative models of VH suggesting a role of attention and perception deficits in the development of VH. However, despite the close relationship between VH and cognitive impairment, its associations with brain structure and function have been explored only by a limited number of studies.

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“…in the LGN in conditions where hallucinations are common, such as schizophrenia, have so far been unsuccessful [3,4], though magnetic resonance imaging studies suggest the LGN can be smaller than normal in Parkinson disease [5] and multiple sclerosis [6], disorders in which hallucinations have been described [7,8].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental imaging shows mercury in cells of the human lateral and medial geniculate nuclei

et al. 2020

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Interference with the transmission of sensory signals along visual and auditory pathways has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hallucinations. The relay centres for vision (the lateral geniculate nucleus) and hearing (the medial geniculate nucleus) appear to be susceptible to the uptake of circulating mercury. We therefore investigated the distribution of mercury in cells of both these geniculate nuclei. Materials and methods Paraffin-embedded tissue sections containing the lateral geniculate nucleus were obtained from 50 adults (age range 20-104 years) who at autopsy had a variety of clinicopathological conditions, including neurological and psychiatric disorders. The medial geniculate nucleus was present in seven sections. Sections were stained for mercury using autometallography. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to confirm the presence of mercury. Results Ten people had mercury in cells of the lateral geniculate nucleus, and in the medial geniculate nucleus of three of these. Medical diagnoses in these individuals were: none (3), Parkinson disease (3), and one each of depression, bipolar disorder, multiple sclerosis, and mercury self-injection. Mercury was distributed in different groups of geniculate capillary endothelial cells, neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes. Mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of mercury. Conclusion Mercury is present in different combinations of cell types in the lateral and medial geniculate nuclei in a proportion of people from varied backgrounds. This raises the possibility that mercury-induced impairment of the function of the geniculate nuclei could play a part in the

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Lateral geniculate atrophy in Parkinson's with visual hallucination: A trans‐synaptic degeneration?

Cited by 37 publications

References 43 publications

Fiber-specific white matter reductions in Parkinson hallucinations and visual dysfunction

Fiber-specific white matter reductions in Parkinson hallucinations and visual dysfunction

Structural and Functional Neuroimaging of Visual Hallucinations in Lewy Body Disease: A Systematic Literature Review

Elemental imaging shows mercury in cells of the human lateral and medial geniculate nuclei

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