Lateral masking effects on contrast sensitivity in rats

Kurylo, Daniel D.; Yeturo, Sowmya; Lanza, Joseph; Bukhari, Farhan

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2017.07.046

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Combinations of stimulus elements can be found in stimuli designed to investigate visual masking (e.g., Breitmeyer & Ogmen, 2000), lateral masking (e.g., Kurylo, Yeturo, Lanza, & Bukhari, 2017) and visual crowding (e.g., Levi, 2008;Whitney & Levi, 2011). However, in these investigations it is generally assumed (typically tacitly) that adding a second stimulus element to an initial one does not reduce the stimulus power of the initial element and, consequently, that any perceptual effects must be attributed to factors in the…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A few remarks on spatial interference in visual stimuli

Skottun¹

2017

Behav Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many vision experiments, e.g., tests of masking and visual crowding, involve the effect of adding a second stimulus to an initial one. The effects of such additions are generally considered in terms of physiological mechanisms and the possibility of interference in the stimuli is generally not considered. In the present study, interference between two stimuli was assessed by comparing the sum of amplitudes in the combined stimulus to the sums of the amplitudes in the two stimuli determined separately. With this approach, evidence for interference was found. It was also found that adding a second stimulus may alter the phase angles. These observations mean that the same stimulus presented together with other stimuli may have less stimulus power than when presented by itself. Thus, it is necessary to take account of the possibility of interference when interpreting results from experiments in which the effect of one stimulus element upon another is explored.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A few remarks on spatial interference in visual stimuli

Skottun¹

2017

Behav Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this study, we tried to overcome these limitations, by using a single, overhead camera to passively image a 3D-printed structure, painted with a pattern of black dots over a white background and mounted over the head of a rat. The small size of the pattern (1.35x1.35x1.5 cm) makes it ideal for perceptual studies, where a rodent performs a discrimination task inside a narrow operant box, often with its head inserted through an opening or confined within a funnel, as in the studies of rodent visual perception recently carried out by our group (Zoccolan et al, 2009;Tafazoli et al, 2012;Alemi-Neissi et al, 2013;Rosselli et al, 2015;Nikbakht et al, 2018;Djurdjevic et al, 2018) and other authors (Vermaercke and Op de Beeck, 2012;Horner et al, 2013;Mar et al, 2013;Kurylo et al, 2015;De Keyser et al, 2015;Bossens et al, 2016;Stirman et al, 2016;Kurylo et al, 2017;Yu et al, 2018). In what follows, beside describing in details the equipment and the algorithm upon which our method is based (Materials and Methods) and validate its accuracy and precision (first part of the Results and discussion), we provide a practical demonstration of the way our head tracker can help understanding: 1) how a rat samples the sensory stimuli during a visual or auditory discrimination task; and 2) how hippocampal neurons represent head position over extremely small spatial scales around the area where the animal delivers its perceptual decision and collects the reward.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A passive, camera-based head-tracking system for real-time, three-dimensional estimation of head position and orientation in rodents

Vanzella

Grion

Bertolini

et al. 2019

Journal of Neurophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tracking head position and orientation in small mammals is crucial for many applications in the field of behavioral neurophysiology, from the study of spatial navigation to the investigation of active sensing and perceptual representations. Many approaches to head tracking exist, but most of them only estimate the 2D coordinates of the head over the plane where the animal navigates. Full reconstruction of the pose of the head in 3D is much more more challenging and has been achieved only in handful of studies, which employed headsets made of multiple LEDs or inertial units. However, these assemblies are rather bulky and need to be powered to operate, which prevents their application in wireless experiments and in the small enclosures often used in perceptual studies. Here we propose an alternative approach, based on passively imaging a lightweight, compact, 3D structure, painted with a pattern of black dots over a white background. By applying a cascade of feature extraction algorithms that progressively refine the detection of the dots and reconstruct their geometry, we developed a tracking method that is highly precise and accurate, as assessed through a battery of validation measurements. We show that this method can be used to study how a rat samples sensory stimuli during a perceptual discrimination task and how a hippocampal place cell represents head position over extremely small spatial scales. Given its minimal encumbrance and wireless nature, our method could be ideal for high-throughput applications, where tens of animals need to be simultaneously and continuously tracked. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Head tracking is crucial in many behavioral neurophysiology studies. Yet reconstruction of the head’s pose in 3D is challenging and typically requires implanting bulky, electrically powered headsets that prevent wireless experiments and are hard to employ in operant boxes. Here we propose an alternative approach, based on passively imaging a compact, 3D dot pattern that, once implanted over the head of a rodent, allows estimating the pose of its head with high precision and accuracy.

show abstract

“…In this study, we tried to overcome these limitations, by using a single, overhead camera to passively image a 3D-printed structure, painted with a pattern of black dots over a white background and mounted over the head of a rat. The small size of the pattern (1.35×1.35×1.5 cm) makes it ideal for perceptual studies, where a rodent performs a discrimination task inside a narrow operant box, often with its head inserted through an opening or confined within a funnel, as in the studies of rodent visual perception recently carried out by our group (Zoccolan et al, 2009; Tafazoli et al, 2012; Alemi-Neissi et al, 2013; Rosselli et al, 2015; Nikbakht et al, 2018; Djurdjevic et al, 2018) and other authors (Vermaercke and Op de Beeck, 2012; Horner et al, 2013; Mar et al, 2013; Kurylo et al, 2015; De Keyser et al, 2015; Bossens et al, 2016; Stirman et al, 2016; Kurylo et al, 2017; Yu et al, 2018). In what follows, beside describing in details the equipment and the algorithm upon which our method is based (Materials and Methods) and validate its accuracy and precision (first part of the Results and discussion), we provide a practical demonstration of the way our head tracker can help understanding: 1) how a rat samples the sensory stimuli during a visual or auditory discrimination task; and 2) how hippocampal neurons represent head position over extremely small spatial scales around the area where the animal delivers its perceptual decision and collects the reward.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A passive, camera-based head-tracking system for real-time, 3D estimate of head position and orientation in rodents

Vanzella

Grion

Bertolini

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

2Tracking head's position and orientation of small mammals is crucial in many behavioral 3 3 neurophysiology studies. Yet, full reconstruction of the head's pose in 3D is a 3 4 challenging problem that typically requires implanting custom headsets made of multiple 3 5LEDs or inertial units. These assemblies need to be powered in order to operate, thus 3 6preventing wireless experiments, and, while suitable to study navigation in large arenas, 3 7 their application is unpractical in the narrow operant boxes employed in perceptual 3 8 studies. Here we propose an alternative approach, based on passively imaging a 3D-3 9printed structure, painted with a pattern of black dots over a white background. We show 4 0 that this method is highly precise and accurate and we demonstrate that, given its 4 1 minimal weight and encumbrance, it can be used to study how rodents sample sensory 4 2 stimuli during a perceptual discrimination task and how hippocampal place cells 4 3 represent head position over extremely small spatial scales. 4 4 4 5

show abstract

Lateral masking effects on contrast sensitivity in rats

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

A few remarks on spatial interference in visual stimuli

A few remarks on spatial interference in visual stimuli

A passive, camera-based head-tracking system for real-time, three-dimensional estimation of head position and orientation in rodents

A passive, camera-based head-tracking system for real-time, 3D estimate of head position and orientation in rodents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About