Lateral Moraines of Glacier De Tsidjiore Nouve: Form, Development, and Implications

Small, R. J.

doi:10.3189/s0022143000008303

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This value does not exceed 2% of the seasonal ablation rate from a clean ice surface as in Equation (28). After a time the thick debris cover consolidates and densifies which is accompanied by granulometric fractionation (Small, 1983). Thus, the moraine roof insulates the ice not only f rom heat but also from rainfa ll.…”

Section: The Shielding Role Of the Debris Covermentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Debris Cover in the Thermal Physics of Glaciers

1986

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ABSTRACT. A mathematical model is presented of nonstationary melting processes of ice including particles of morainic material. The problem is treated as a Stephen-type one with the phase boundary of ice melting being located under the debris cover. The main terms of the heat-balance equation for a glacier surface are solar radiation and convective heat transfer. The quantitative relationships characterizing the effect of glacier run-off augmentation from under a thin layer of debris cover are obtained for different bulk moraine concentrations inside the ice. The concept of equivalent time is introduced. It is defined as the time elapsed until the moment the sub-moraine iceablation rate becomes equal to the ablation rate of clean ice. This moment signifies the beginning of the shielding stage. Thus, a glacier can be considered as a self -controlling system with respect to its summer run-off. A series of numerical tests for Djankuat glacier, Central Caucasus, has been carried out. The dynamics of moraine-cover growth and alterations of seasonal ablation rate under debris show perfect agreement between the computed data and the results of 14 years of direct observations. Some practical recommendations concerning artificial blackening of a glacier surface for augmentation of liquid run-off are presented. Conditions promoting increase of run-off are: relatively high albedo, relatively low summer air temperature, and relatively small convective heat transfer between the air and the ice surface. The method of artificially blackening a glacier surface is by means of a durable thin dark polymer film . In conclusion, some further aspects of the problem are discussed . RESUME.

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Section: The Shielding Role Of the Debris Covermentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Debris Cover in the Thermal Physics of Glaciers

1986

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“…Marginal moraines are deposited along stationary glacier margins and their locations, therefore, demarcate the former stillstands of the glaciers at a given time ( Figure 3B; Small, 1983). In high mountain areas such as the Tian Shan, marginal moraines typically occur inside as well as outside of glacial valleys.…”

Section: Marginal Morainesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial geomorphology of the Tian Shan

et al. 2013

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The glacial geomorphology of the Tian Shan has been mapped, with the study area covering almost 638,000 km 2 . The map, designed to be printed at A0 size due to the elongated shape of the mountain range, is presented at a scale of 1:1,100,000. Five glacial landform categories are presented; glacial valleys, marginal moraines, glacial lineations, hummocky terrain and meltwater channels. These landform categories were mapped using the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) digital elevation model (90 m resolution), Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite imagery (30 m resolution), and images contained in Google Earth. The mapped landforms were created by glaciers that were restricted to mountain areas and their immediate surroundings.

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“…These sites, and their principal characteristics, are as follows ( (1) Towards the head of the northern moraine (at a site designated for convenience "Fontanesses") the ice margins are overriding the embankment summits over a distance of at least 200 m (Small, 1983). This is a very important site for the deposition of both supraglacial and englacial debris (the latter derived from a discontinuous ice face several metres in height).…”

Section: Pr~sent Rates Of Moraine Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These attain l engths of 2 km (along the northern glacier margin) and 1 . 2 km (along the southern), and -over much of their length -heights in excess of 60 m. Althou gh the emhankment sUf'lmits are marked by small nested ridges (Small, 1983), the lateral moraines are essentially single ridges, consi sti ng of superimposed sediments bui 1 t up in a series of Neoglacial advances (Rothlisberger and Schneebeli, 1979) . Since 1971 a further re-advance of gl acier de Tsidjiore Nouve has re-activated sedimentation on the embankments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rates of Deposition on Lateral Moraine Embankments, Glacier De Tsidjiore Nouve, Valais, Switzerland

1984

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(D epartmel1l of Geog raph y, niversit y of South ampton, South a mpton S09 5AH , England ) and D. M. STIRLIN G (Department of Civil En gin ee ring, City University, Northampton Square, London EC I V OHB, Engl a nd ) AB ST R ACT . In the last d ecad e d eposition on la te ral m o ra ine emba nkm e nts o f g lacier d e T sidjiore N o u ve has bee n re-ac ti va ted o n a la rge sca le. An a tte mpt has bee n mad e to reconstruct, from th e dimensions orlhe emba nkme nts, average rates of d ebris acc umul a ti on o n the m ora in cs during th e Neoglacia l peri od . These a re compa red with ra tes o f d eposition over th e peri od 1977-82, calc ul a ted from d etailed cha nges in mo ra ine profil es (surveyed b y ground-a nd air-based photogrammetry) and measured ra tes o f ice-m a rg in ablation. At prese nt total output o f sediment, by ma rg inal d e position a nd tra nsport by melt-wate r streams, fro m glacier de T sidj io re Nouve is in the order o f 6 400-9 500 m 3 /a; this su ggests th e possibility o f a high ave rage erosion ra te within th e glacier ca tc hme nt of 1,55-2.29 mm /a . R ESU l\.U~ •. Taux de depat sur les lerrasses morainiques lalira/es , glacier de T sidjiore .Nou ve, l'alais. Suisse. Pe ndant la dern ierc dece nni c, le re mblaiemcnt sur les le rrasscs morainiqu es late rales du glacier de T sidji o re NOll ve a recommen ce sur une gra nde ec hclle. U ne tentati ve de reco nstitutio n des ta ux moyens d 'accumul a ti on de d ebris sur les te rrasses mo ra iniqu es penda nt la pe ri od e ncoglac ia re a ete faite. ees ta ux sont compa res avec ccux de la pc ri od e 19 78-82, ca leules it pa rtir d es cha nge mcnts d e ta illcs d es profils de la mora ine (to pogra phi c pa r pho togra mmclri r terres tre e t ac ri enne) ainsi qu e d e I'a bl a ti o n mes ur"e sur les bo rd s du glac ier. Ac tu clle m ent I'a pport to ta l d e

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Lateral Moraines of Glacier De Tsidjiore Nouve: Form, Development, and Implications

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Role of Debris Cover in the Thermal Physics of Glaciers

Role of Debris Cover in the Thermal Physics of Glaciers

Glacial geomorphology of the Tian Shan

Rates of Deposition on Lateral Moraine Embankments, Glacier De Tsidjiore Nouve, Valais, Switzerland

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