Latex agglutination test for detecting feline panleukopenia virus, canine parvovirus, and parvoviruses of fur animals

Veijalainen, P.; Neuvonen, E.; Niskanen, Aimo; Juokslahti, Tapio

doi:10.1128/jcm.23.3.556-559.1986

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Agglutination assays have been tested for CPV and have traditionally used latex beads coated with monoclonal antibodies (20,22). These assays have been found to be useful for CPV antigen detection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple Tests for Rapid Detection of Canine Parvovirus Antigen and Canine Parvovirus-Specific Antibodies

Marulappa¹,

Kapil²

2009

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Canine parvovirus (CPV) is the number one viral cause of enteritis, morbidity, and mortality in 8-week-old young puppies. We have developed twin assays (slide agglutination test [SAT] for CPV antigen and slide inhibition test [SIT] for CPV antibody) that are sensitive, specific, cost-effective, generic for all genotypes of CPV, and provide instant results for CPV antigen detection in feces and antibody quantification in serum. We found these assays to be useful for routine applications in kennels with large numbers of puppies at risk. The results of these assays are available in 1 min and do not require any special instrumentation. SAT-SIT technology will find applications in rapid screening of samples for other hemagglutinating emerging viruses of animals and humans (influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus).Canine parvovirus (CPV) is the number one viral cause of puppy enteritis and mortality (8). Unique properties of CPV make it an emerging and reemerging pathogen of dogs worldwide (2,5,16,17). Parvoviruses have a single-stranded DNA genome of 5,000 bases with a hairpin structure (4). Parvoviruses have exceptional evolutionary ability (10). Parvoviruses are extremely stable in the environment and relatively resistant to disinfectants because they are nonenveloped viruses (19). CPV multiplies in the rapidly dividing cells in the crypts of the intestine, leading to diarrhea and dehydration (4).In the kennel environment, the availability of a large number of susceptible puppies, environmental stress, and unique properties of CPV combine to form an ideal scenario for the rapid spread of CPV. Effective commercial modified live virus vaccines that vary in the genotype (CPV type 2 [CPV-2] and CPV-2b) of CPV in the vaccine are available. There is currently no commercial vaccine with CPV-2c in the vaccine. However, induction of active immunity in puppies is blocked by maternal immunity in the puppies (18). The stability of CPV in the kennel environment and excretion of large amounts of CPV by sick puppies can expose susceptible puppies to massive infectious doses of CPV. This CPV susceptibility window coincides with weaning in puppies in the age group of about 6 to 8 weeks old. Eight weeks is the age when the largest number of puppies succumb to CPV. Moreover, there are variations in the decay of antibodies and induction of active immunity after vaccination directed by the genetic makeup (canine major histocompatibility antigens) of the puppies.It would be clinically useful if there were diagnostic tests that could detect the amount of CPV in a sample, genotype the virus, and quantify the antibodies against different CPV subtypes quickly in the kennel environment. With this goal, we have developed and validated instant CPV antigen and antibody tests (slide agglutination test [SAT] for CPV antigen and slide inhibition test [SIT] for CPV antibody in serum). These tests are instant (real time), sensitive, quantitative, and generic for all the CPV types. We are confident that these safe, econo...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple Tests for Rapid Detection of Canine Parvovirus Antigen and Canine Parvovirus-Specific Antibodies

Marulappa¹,

Kapil²

2009

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…A number of different diagnostic methods for FPV infection have been described, including virus isolation, latex agglutination, immunochromatographic tests, electron microscopy, ELISA, and PCR (Veijalainen and Neuvonen, 1986;Kraft, 1995a, 1995b;Ikeda and Miyazawa, 1998;Esfandiari and Klingeborn, 2000;Decaro and Desario, 2008;Digangi and Gray, 2011;Lane and Brettschneider, 2016). These methods are generally available for most viruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a recombinase polymerase amplification assay with lateral flow dipstick for rapid detection of feline parvovirus

Wang

Hou

2019

Journal of Virological Methods

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Feline panleukopenia caused by feline parvovirus (FPV), a single-stranded DNA virus, is typically highly contagious and often presents with lethal syndrome. The broad spectrum of possible hosts suggests its potential for transmission from animal to person through close contact with pets. FPV thus serves as an example of the importance of new rapid point-of-care field diagnostic tools for the control and prevention of transmission, especially among rare wild animals and pet cats. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), as a real-time and isothermal method, could be a more affordable alternative to PCR when combined with a lateral flow dipstick (LFD) indicator. In this study, we report a novel FPV lateral flow dipstick RPA (LFD-RPA) instant detection method capable of detecting a range of different FPV strains. The LFD-RPA assay consists of specific primers, probe, and nucleic acid strip. It is capable of detecting 10 2 copies of target nucleic acid per reaction, which is one order of magnitude higher than the sensitivity of traditional PCR. The most suitable reaction conditions for this assay are at 38 ℃ for 15 min. This paper develops an efficient visual detection system that can eliminate the need for professional staff and expensive and sophisticated equipment for field detection.

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“…Currently, a diagnosis of CPV is based on clinical signs, which include vomiting and diarrhea; however, a definitive diagnosis is difficult because these symptoms are common to other enteric diseases (Elia et al, 2007;Hirasawa et al, 1994). Conventional detection methods such as electron microscopy (Teramoto et al, 1984), virus isolation (Mochizuki et al, 1993), latex agglutination (Veijalainen et al, 1986), hemagglutination (Mochizuki et al, 1993;Teramoto et al, 1984), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Drane et al, 1994;Teramoto et al, 1984) have been developed for the detection of CPV, and all are effective and accurate. Molecular detection techniques, including PCR (Mochizuki et al, 1993), real-time PCR (Decaro et al, 2005), nested PCR (Hirasawa et al, 1994), and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (Cho et al, 2006;Mukhopadhyay et al, 2012) have also been used to diagnose CPV, although the sensitivity and specificity of these techniques are variable; however, a major drawback is that these methods are both laborious and time-consuming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel assay for detecting canine parvovirus using a quartz crystal microbalance biosensor

Kim

Lim

Choi

et al. 2015

Journal of Virological Methods

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Rapid and accurate diagnosis is crucial to reduce both the shedding and clinical signs of canine parvovirus (CPV). The quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is a new tool for measuring frequency changes associated with antigen-antibody interactions. In this study, the QCM biosensor and ProLinker™ B were used to rapidly diagnosis CPV infection. ProLinker™ B enables antibodies to be attached to a gold-coated quartz surface in a regular pattern and in the correct orientation for antigen binding. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were used to set a cut-off value using reference CPVs (two groups: one CPV-positive and one CPV-negative). The ROC curves overlapped and the point of intersection was used as the cut-off value. A QCM biosensor with a cut-off value of -205 Hz showed 95.4% (104/109) sensitivity and 98.0% (149/152) specificity when used to test 261 field fecal samples compared to PCR. In conclusion, the QCM biosensor described herein is eminently suitable for the rapid diagnosis of CPV infection with high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, it is a promising analytical tool that will be useful for clinical diagnosis, which requires rapid and reliable analyses.

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Latex agglutination test for detecting feline panleukopenia virus, canine parvovirus, and parvoviruses of fur animals

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Simple Tests for Rapid Detection of Canine Parvovirus Antigen and Canine Parvovirus-Specific Antibodies

Simple Tests for Rapid Detection of Canine Parvovirus Antigen and Canine Parvovirus-Specific Antibodies

Development of a recombinase polymerase amplification assay with lateral flow dipstick for rapid detection of feline parvovirus

A novel assay for detecting canine parvovirus using a quartz crystal microbalance biosensor

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