Latex agglutination test for detection of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii

Mazumder, Paritosh; Chuang, Hanson Y. K.; Wentz, Myron W.; Wiedbrauk, Danny L.

doi:10.1128/jcm.26.11.2444-2446.1988

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, the seroprevalence reported in sheep in this study is much higher than that of the two other studies conducted in sheep in South Africa by Abu Samra et al (2007) and Hammond-Aryee et al (2015b). This could be due to the differences in diagnostic methods used; the latex agglutination test used in this study is normally used as a screening test and has a comparably higher sensitivity than the indirect immune fluorescent test and the enzyme linked immune sorbent assay used in the other two studies (Holliman et al 1990; Mazumder et al 1988; Shaapan, Nawawi & Tawfik 2008). Another factor possibly contributing to this significant difference in seroprevalence is the geo-climatic conditions of the different regions in the studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic animals in southeastern South Africa

Tagwireyi

Etter

Neves

2019

Onderstepoort j. vet. res.

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Toxoplasma gondii is a major neglected parasitic infection occurring in settings of extreme poverty in Africa. Apart from causing reproductive failure in animals it is also a significant zoonotic concern. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of T. gondii infection in cats, chickens, goats, sheep and pigs in the southeast of South Africa, of which little is known. Sera was obtained from 601 domestic animals including 109 cats, 137 chickens, 128 goats, 121 sheep and 106 pigs managed under different production systems in different agro-ecological regions and evaluated by the Toxoreagent, a latex agglutination test for T. gondii antibody detection. Household-level and animal-level data were collected by interviewing animal owners and/or herders using a closed-ended questionnaire. The study revealed an overall farm seroprevalence of 83.33% (125/150 farms) with the highest rate of infection for the parasite found in sheep with 64.46% (78/121), followed by goats with 53.91% (69/128), pigs with 33.96% (36/106), cats with 32.11% (35/109 cats) and chickens with 33.58% (46/137). The risk factors that were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) to different species of seropositivites were age, location, climate, animal production system, rodent control, seropositive cat, cat-feed access and cat faecal disposal. The relatively high seroprevalence of T. gondii detected in this region suggests that domestic animals may pose a substantial public health risk through the consumption of T. gondii-infected raw meat as well as via contact with cat faeces.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic animals in southeastern South Africa

Tagwireyi

Etter

Neves

2019

Onderstepoort j. vet. res.

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“…LAT is rapid and easy to perform to detect anti- T. gondii IgG antibodies. LAT has a sensitivity of 86–94 % and specificity of 100 % in humans, a low sensitivity of 78.6 % and specificity of 61.9 % in sheep [ 45 , 46 ]. Thus, LAT is often used as a screening tool in epidemiologic survey due to the simplicity of performance, but the positive result requires further examination using other serological tests [ 47 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and typing of Toxoplasma gondii

et al. 2015

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Toxoplasmosis, caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, is an important zoonosis with medical and veterinary importance worldwide. The disease is mainly contracted by ingesting undercooked or raw meat containing viable tissue cysts, or by ingesting food or water contaminated with oocysts. The diagnosis and genetic characterization of T. gondii infection is crucial for the surveillance, prevention and control of toxoplasmosis. Traditional approaches for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis include etiological, immunological and imaging techniques. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis has been improved by the emergence of molecular technologies to amplify parasite nucleic acids. Among these, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular techniques have been useful for the genetic characterization of T. gondii. Serotyping methods based on polymorphic polypeptides have the potential to become the choice for typing T. gondii in humans and animals. In this review, we summarize conventional non-DNA-based diagnostic methods, and the DNA-based molecular techniques for the diagnosis and genetic characterization of T. gondii. These techniques have provided foundations for further development of more effective and accurate detection of T. gondii infection. These advances will contribute to an improved understanding of the epidemiology, prevention and control of toxoplasmosis.

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“…The test, first described by Severin, has been used in the diagnosis of meningococcal meningitis. 16 Since then, latex agglutination has been used to detect antibodies in a variety of parasitic diseases such as visceral leishmaniasis, 17,18 toxoplasmosis, 19 and CE. 20 Although the LAT has been used to detect antibodies to hydatid antigens in serum, the test has yet to be evaluated for the detection of hydatid antigen in serum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Serum Hydatid Antigen Detection Test for Diagnosis of Cystic Echinococcosis

Devi¹,

Parija²

2003

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a major public health problem with a worldwide distribution in both humans and animals. Diagnosis of this disease by simple and rapid immunoassays is a priority. The objective of the present study was to standardize and evaluate the latex agglutination test (LAT) as a simple test for the detection of circulating hydatid antigen in serum. The subjects in this study included 141 patients in the following groups: surgically confirmed CE cases (18), ultrasound-proven cases (26), presumptive CE cases (47), controls with other parasitic disease (25), and healthy controls (25). A polystyrene latex (0.81 m) suspension was used as a carrier particle for hydatid antibodies in the test. The latex particles were sensitized with hyperimmune hydatid antiserum raised in rabbits. The hydatid antibodysensitized latex particles were used for the detection of hydatid antigens in serum. The results of the study showed that the LAT could detect the circulating hydatid antigen in 13 (72%) of 18 patients with surgically confirmed CE, 17 (65%) of 26 patients with ultrasound-proven CE, and 19 (40%) of 47 presumptive cases of CE. The test detected antigen in 1 (4%) of 25 controls with other parasitic disease, and no antigen was detected in the serum of 25 healthy controls. The LAT showed a sensitivity of 72%, a specificity of 98%, a positive predictive value of 93%, and a negative predictive value of 91%. The present study is the first report of the LAT for the detection of hydatid antigen in serum in the diagnosis of CE.

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Latex agglutination test for detection of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii

Cited by 38 publications

References 9 publications

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic animals in southeastern South Africa

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic animals in southeastern South Africa

Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and typing of Toxoplasma gondii

A New Serum Hydatid Antigen Detection Test for Diagnosis of Cystic Echinococcosis

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