Tuberous nitrogen-fixing members of Fabaceae are currently studied as possible alternative crops that would permit cultivation on degraded soils and with reduced water use. The authors explore the historical and recent accounts of Lathyrus tuberosus L., its human consumption in Bulgaria using literature review and ethnobotanical field studies. Changes in land management and agricultural practices and depopulation of villages have thwarted traditional use related to the knowledge of behavior of blind mole-rats. So, opportunities of furthering its uses as animal forage, melliferous plant and green manure within the framework of ongoing climate changes and implementation of sustainable agricultural practices are discussed.