“…Parental support has been often presented as a significant predictor of lower levels of antisocial behaviour and substance use (e.g., Hoeve et al, 2009;Parra & Oliva, 2006;Wang, Dishion, Stormshak, & Willett, 2011). However, several studies did not find significant direct prospective relationships of parental support, warmth, or attachment and aggressive behaviour and rule-breaking (De Haan et al, 2012), delinquency (Meldrum & Barnes, 2017;Yun, Cui, & Blair, 2016), and substance use (Pereyra & Bean, 2017). Other research has even found that parental support was positively related to aggression, delinquency, nonviolent behaviour, and substance use in adolescence (Cutrín, Gómez-Fraguela, & Sobral, 2017c), specifically in those adolescents with low levels of empathy or involved in gangs (Van der Graaff, Branje, De Wied, & Meeus, 2012;Walker-Barnes & Mason, 2004).…”