Latitudinal Patterns of Biological Invasions in Marine Ecosystems: A Polar Perspective

Ruiz, Gregory M.; Hewitt, Chad L.

doi:10.5479/si.097884601x.26

Cited by 41 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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Section: Latitudinal Pattern Of Invasions Along the Northeastern Pacificmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, most human-mediated invasions (hereafter introduced species) in marine habitats have been reported in temperate latitudes (Ruiz and Hewitt, 2008, and references therein). Relatively few introduced species have been reported from tropical or polar regions.…”

Section: • S M I T H S O N I a N C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O T H mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As economic globalization continues to expand, creating a high degree of connectivity through the movement of commodities and people, opportunities for new invasions also increase. Bays and estuaries have been the most invaded marine systems, probably because they are hubs for shipping, aquaculture, and other human endeavors known to transfer organisms Wasson et al, 2005 To date, most human-mediated invasions (hereafter introduced species) in marine habitats have been reported in temperate latitudes (Ruiz and Hewitt, 2008, and references therein). Relatively few introduced species have been reported from tropical or polar regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This difference across latitudes may result partly from historical research effort and taxonomic knowledge, which are greatest in the temperate zone. However, a small but growing literature for high latitudes suggests that marine invasions may be limited in polar regions by a combination of current low temperatures and low propagule supply (Barnes et al, 2006;Aronson et al, 2007;Ruiz and Hewitt, 2008).It is evident that marine invasions can occur in tropical marine systems (Agard et al, 1992;Guerrero and Franco, 2008), but the extent to which they occur remains largely unexplored. Few studies have evaluated marine invasions in the tropics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using standardized surveys to sample sessile invertebrates, deRivera et al (2005) and Ruiz et al (2006a) found that the number of introduced species increased with decreasing latitude from Alaska to southern California. It appears that the northern spread of many nonnative species from California may have been limited by dispersal as a result of the relatively low level of human activities (and, thus, species transfer opportunities) that have been present historically (Ruiz and Hewitt, 2008).Similar analyses are not yet available to extend this comparison to lower latitudes along the eastern Pacifi c. Although there have been some studies reporting introduced marine species in Central America Lambert and Lambert, 2003; Wysor, 2004, Roche andRoche et al, 2009;Bastida-Zavala, 2008), standardized, quantitative community-level comparisons are lacking. In particular, synthetic studies focused within bays and estuaries of Central America targeting those taxonomic groups for which invasions are often most prevalent do not exist.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Proceedings of the Smithsonian Marine Science Symposium

Lang¹,

Macintyre²,

Rützler³

2009

Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences

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s m i t h s o n i a n c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o t h e m a r i n e s c i e n c e s • n u m b e r 3 8 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTIONEmphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the fi rst Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions in History and Technology Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Museum Conservation Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to ZoologyIn these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report on the research and collections of its various museums and bureaus. The Smithsonian Contributions Series are distributed via mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world.Manuscripts submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press from authors with direct affi liation with the various Smithsonian museums or bureaus and are subject to peer review and review for compliance with manuscript preparation guidelines. General requirements for manuscript preparation are on the inside back cover of printed volumes. For detailed submissions requirements and to review the "Manuscript Preparation and Style Guide for Authors," visit the Submissions page at www.scholarlypress.si.edu. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39. Foreword N early two-thirds of Earth's surface is covered by the ocean, a global system essential to all life. Impacts on one part of the ocean can have worldwide effects. The ocean moderates our climate, provides valuable resources, and produces at least half the oxygen we breathe: it makes our planet livable. We know little, however, about the physical, chemical, geological, and biological aspects of this crucial life support system. s m i t h s o n i a n c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o t h e m a r i n S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O T H E M A R I N E S C I E N C E S MARINE BIODIVERSITY, EVOLUTION, AND SPECIATION S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O T H E M A R I N E S C I E N C E S i i i • S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O T H E M A R I N E S C I E N C E SThe Smithsonian Institution, in efforts to increase knowledge about the ocean, has established a ...

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Section: Latitudinal Pattern Of Invasions Along the Northeastern Pacificmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: • S M I T H S O N I a N C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O T H mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proceedings of the Smithsonian Marine Science Symposium

Lang¹,

Macintyre²,

Rützler³

2009

Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences

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Review of climate change impacts on marine aquaculture in the UK and Ireland

Callaway

Shinn

Grenfell

et al. 2012

Aquatic Conservation

151

155

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1. Marine aquaculture relies on coastal habitats that will be affected by climate change. This review assesses current knowledge of the threats and opportunities of climate change for aquaculture in the UK and Ireland, focusing on the most commonly farmed species, blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). 2. There is sparse evidence to indicate that climate change is affecting aquaculture in the UK and Ireland. Impacts to date have been difficult to discern from natural environmental variability, and the pace of technological development in aquaculture overshadows effects of climatic change. However, this review of broader aquaculture literature and the likely effects of climate change suggests that over the next century, climate change has the potential to directly impact the industry. 3. Impacts are related to the industry's dependence on the marine environment for suitable biophysical conditions. For instance, changes in the frequency and strength of storms pose a risk to infrastructure, such as salmon cages. Sea-level rise will shift shoreline morphology, reducing the areal extent of some habitats that are suitable for the industry. Changes in rainfall patterns will increase the turbidity and nutrient loading of rivers, potentially triggering harmful algal blooms and negatively affecting bivalve farming. In addition, ocean acidification may disrupt the early developmental stages of shellfish. 4. Some of the most damaging but least predictable effects of climate change relate to the emergence, translocation and virulence of diseases, parasites and pathogens, although parasites and diseases in finfish aquaculture may be controlled through intervention. The spread of nuisance and non-native species is also potentially damaging. 5. Rising temperatures may create the opportunity to rear warmer water species in theUKand Ireland. Market forces, rather than technical feasibility, are likely to determine whether existing farmed species are displaced by new ones

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