Latrine ecology of nilgai antelope

Zoromski, Lisa D; DeYoung, Randy W.; Goolsby, John A.; Foley, Aaron M.; Ortega-S., J. Alfonso; Hewitt, David G.; Campbell, Tyler A.

doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyac056

Cited by 2 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Dawn consisted of the lowest percentage (9% for both sites), followed by dusk (13% El Sauz, 17% Santa Rosa; Zoromski, 2019 ). These activity patterns are consistent with normal peaks of activity for each species (Zoromski, 2019 ). We observed crossing peaks during May and December–February for many species on both sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Crossings were used during all times of the day, and activity patterns were similar within‐species between sites. At El Sauz, there were peaks in crossing activity during May and between December–January for coyotes, deer, wild pigs, collared peccary, nilgai, and turkey (Zoromski, 2019 ). These species at Santa Rosa, besides wild pig, peaked from April–July and between December–February.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These species at Santa Rosa, besides wild pig, peaked from April–July and between December–February. The activity of wild pigs peaked in June and September at Santa Rosa (Zoromski, 2019 ). Overall daily activity patterns for attempts were similar during the morning, afternoon, and night, each contributing 21%–30% of the total visitations (Zoromski, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The activity of wild pigs peaked in June and September at Santa Rosa (Zoromski, 2019 ). Overall daily activity patterns for attempts were similar during the morning, afternoon, and night, each contributing 21%–30% of the total visitations (Zoromski, 2019 ). Dawn consisted of the lowest percentage (9% for both sites), followed by dusk (13% El Sauz, 17% Santa Rosa; Zoromski, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall daily activity patterns for attempts were similar during the morning, afternoon, and night, each contributing 21%–30% of the total visitations (Zoromski, 2019 ). Dawn consisted of the lowest percentage (9% for both sites), followed by dusk (13% El Sauz, 17% Santa Rosa; Zoromski, 2019 ). These activity patterns are consistent with normal peaks of activity for each species (Zoromski, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Animal use of fence crossings in southwestern rangelands

Zoromski

DeYoung

Goolsby

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Net‐wire fencing built to confine livestock is common on rangelands in the Southwestern USA, yet the impacts of livestock fencing on wildlife are largely unknown. Many wildlife species cross beneath fences at defined crossing locations because they prefer to crawl underneath rather than jump over fences. Animals occasionally become entangled jumping or climbing over fences, leading to injury or death. More commonly, repeated crossings under net‐wire fencing by large animals lead to fence damage, though the damage is often tolerated by landowners until the openings affect the ability to enclose livestock. The usage, placement, characteristics, and passage rates of fence crossings beneath net‐wire fencing are poorly understood. We monitored 20 randomly selected fence crossings on net‐wire livestock fencing across two study sites on rangelands in South Texas, USA, from April 2018 to March 2019. We assessed the characteristics of fence‐crossing locations (openings beneath the fence created by animals to aid in crossing) and quantified crossing rates and the probability of crossing by all species of animals via trail cameras. We documented 10,889 attempted crossing events, with 58% ( n = 6271) successful. Overall, 15 species of medium‐ and large‐size mammals and turkey ( Meleagris gallopavo ) contributed to crossing events. Crossing locations received 3–4 crossing attempts per day on average, but the number of attempts and probability of successful crossing varied by location and fence condition. The probability of crossing attempts was most consistently influenced by the opening size of the crossing and season; as crossing size (opening) increased, the probability of successful crossing significantly increased for all species. Peaks in crossing activity corresponded with species' daily and seasonal movements and activity. The density and size of fence‐crossing locations were dependent on fence maintenance and not associated with vegetation communities or habitat variables. However, crossing locations were often re‐established in the same locations after fence repairs. This is one of the few studies to monitor how all animal species present interacted with net‐wire livestock fencing in rangelands. Our results will help land managers understand the impact of net‐wire livestock fencing on animal movement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Animal use of fence crossings in southwestern rangelands

Zoromski

DeYoung

Goolsby

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

Self Cite

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Movement ecology of exotic nilgai antelope: A threat to the re‐emergence of cattle fever ticks in the southern USA

et al. 2023

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Wildlife plays an important role in the emergence of livestock diseases, and their movements can complicate disease management efforts. One of the most significant vector-borne diseases of livestock worldwide is bovine babesiosis, spread by cattle fever ticks (CFTs; Rhipicephalus [=Boophilus] microplus and Rhipicephalus [=Boophilus] annulatus). Although CFTs were eradicated from the United States by 1943, bovine babesiosis and CFTs are prevalent in México. Recently, management of CFTs in the Texas-México region has been complicated by the presence of free-ranging, exotic nilgai antelope (Boselaphus tragocamelus). Nilgai are abundant in this region and are competent hosts for CFTs. The goal of this study was to better understand nilgai movements and space use to inform CFT treatment strategies. We analyzed hourly locations from 40 GPS-collared nilgai in Cameron County, TX, USA, from April 2019 to September 2020. We assigned each nilgai a movement behavior using the net squared displacement metric. We estimated nilgai home range sizes at different temporal scales (monthly, seasonally, and overall) using Brownian bridge movement models. We observed movement patterns consistent with residency (52.5%), seasonal movers (17.5%), dispersal (5%), and unclassified (25%). Resident nilgai had an average maximum axial distance of 7.8 km, while two young females made separate dispersal movements of about 40 km within a year. Overall, nilgai had large and highly variable home ranges: annual median home range estimate for females was 563 ha (range = 105-1545 ha), and for males, it was 937 ha (range = 221-1602 ha). Peak nilgai movements occurred during crepuscular hours, and median hourly movement for females was 57 m/h, and for males, it was 66 m/h. Nilgai home ranges and long-distance movements have the potential to overlap multiple ranches, as the typical ranch size in South Texas ranges from 250 to 6000 ha. Resident nilgai were more likely to maintain local infestations of CFT. Dispersal events took place during peak tick season, demonstrating the potential for nilgai to

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Latrine ecology of nilgai antelope

Cited by 2 publications

References 63 publications

Animal use of fence crossings in southwestern rangelands

Animal use of fence crossings in southwestern rangelands

Movement ecology of exotic nilgai antelope: A threat to the re‐emergence of cattle fever ticks in the southern USA

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