Lattice Boltzmann simulation of the structural degradation of a gas diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Wang, Yulin; Xu, Haokai; He, Wei; Zhao, Yulong; Wang, Xiaodong

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232452

Cited by 33 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Whereas hydrogen can be converted into electrical energy by the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell, the fuel cell has the advantages of high efficiency, high power density, and no environmental pollution [4]. Generally, it is widely used in transportation, military, communication, and other sectors [5,6] and is considered to be one of the most promising energy conversion technologies [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Flow Field Designs for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

et al. 2023

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The performance of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) closely depends on internal reactant diffusion and liquid water removal. As one of the key components of PEMFCs, bipolar plates (BPs) provide paths for reactant diffusion and product transport. Therefore, to achieve high fuel cell performance, one key issue is designing BPs with a reasonable flow field. This paper provides a comprehensive review of various modifications of the conventional parallel flow field, interdigitated flow field, and serpentine flow field to improve fuel cells’ overall performance. The main focuses for modifications of conventional flow fields are flow field shape, length, aspect ratio, baffle, trap, auxiliary inlet, and channels, as well as channel numbers. These modifications can partly enhance reactant diffusion and product transport while maintaining an acceptable flow pressure drop. This review also covers the detailed structural description of the newly developed flow fields, including the 3D flow field, metal flow field, and bionic flow field. Moreover, the effects of these flow field designs on the internal physical quantity transport and distribution, as well as the fuel cells’ overall performance, are investigated. This review describes state-of-the-art flow field design, identifies the key research gaps, and provides references and guidance for the design of high-performance flow fields for PEMFCs in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Flow Field Designs for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

et al. 2023

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“…In simulation studies, the lattice Boltzmann method is used for the characterization of mass, charged particles, and the water transport phenomenon. Wang et al [ 24 ] characterized the degradation mechanism of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) by the lattice Boltzmann method and Jeon et al [ 25 ] characterized the water transport mechanism of the GDL. For experimental methods, X-ray scattering, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and electro transmission microscopy are widely used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Study of Charge Distribution Variations on Silica–Nafion Composite Membranes under Hydration Using an Approximation Model

2023

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Understanding the ionic structure and charge transport on proton exchange membranes (PEMs) is crucial for their characterization and development. Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) is one of the best tools for studying the ionic structure and charge transport on PEMs. In using EFM to study PEMs, an analytical approximation model is required for the interoperation of the EFM signal. In this study, we quantitatively analyzed recast Nafion and silica–Nafion composite membranes using the derived mathematical approximation model. The study was conducted in several steps. In the first step, the mathematical approximation model was derived using the principles of electromagnetism and EFM and the chemical structure of PEM. In the second step, the phase map and charge distribution map on the PEM were simultaneously derived using atomic force microscopy. In the final step, the charge distribution maps of the membranes were characterized using the model. There are several remarkable results in this study. First, the model was accurately derived as two independent terms. Each term shows the electrostatic force due to the induced charge of the dielectric surface and the free charge on the surface. Second, the local dielectric property and surface charge are numerically calculated on the membranes, and the calculation results are approximately valid compared with those in other studies.

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“…Technologies such as the organic rankine cycle system [3], turbomachinery [4], and the thermoelectric generator (TEG) [5] have demonstrated the capacity to convert heat energy from the automobile exhaust into usable, high-quality energy. These technologies have garnered considerable attention in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization Design of an Intermediate Fluid Thermoelectric Generator for Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery

Zhang

et al. 2023

Processes

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The intermediate fluid thermoelectric generator (IFTEG) represents a novel approach to power generation, predicated upon the principles of gravity heat pipe technology. Its key advantages include high-power output and a compact module area. The generator’s performance, however, is influenced by the variable exhaust parameters typical of automobile operation, which presents a significant challenge in the design process. The present study establishes a mathematical model to optimize the design of the IFTEG. Our findings suggest that the optimal module area sees substantial growth with an increase in both the exhaust heat exchanger area and the exhaust flow rate. Interestingly, the optimal module area appears to demonstrate a low sensitivity to changes in exhaust temperature. To address the challenge of determining the optimal module area, this study introduces the concept of peak power deviation. This method posits that any deviation from the optimal module area results in an equivalent power deviation. For instance, with an exhaust heat exchanger area of 1.6 m2, the minimum peak power deviation is 27.5%, corresponding to a design module area of 0.124 m2. As such, the actual output power’s deviation from the maximum achievable output power will not exceed 27.5% for any given set of exhaust parameters. This study extends its findings to delineate the relationship between the optimal design module area and the exhaust heat exchanger area. These insights could serve as a useful guide for the design of future power generators.

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Lattice Boltzmann simulation of the structural degradation of a gas diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Cited by 33 publications

References 59 publications

Review of Flow Field Designs for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

Review of Flow Field Designs for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

Quantitative Study of Charge Distribution Variations on Silica–Nafion Composite Membranes under Hydration Using an Approximation Model

Optimization Design of an Intermediate Fluid Thermoelectric Generator for Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery

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