Latticed Gold Nanoparticle Conjugation via Monomeric Streptavidin in Lateral Flow Assay for Detection of Autoantibody to Interferon-Gamma

Abstract

Adult-onset immunodeficiency syndrome (AOID) patients with autoantibodies (autoAbs) against interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) generally suffer from recurrent and recalcitrant disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial diseases. Since the early stages of AOID do not present specific symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the condition are not practical. A simplified diagnostic method for differentiating AOID from other immunodeficiencies, such as HIV infection, was created. Anti-IFN-γ is generally identified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which involves an instrument and a cumbersome process. Recombinant IFN-γ indirectly conjugated to colloidal gold was used in the modified immunochromatographic (IC) strips. The biotinylated-IFN-γ was incorporated with colloidal-gold-labeled 6HIS-maltose binding protein-monomeric streptavidin (6HISMBP-mSA) and absorbed at the conjugate pad. The efficacy of the IC strip upon applying an anti-IFN-γ autoAb cut-off ELISA titer of 2500, the sensitivity and specificity were 84% and 90.24%, respectively. When a cut-off ELISA titer of 500 was applied, the sensitivity and specificity were 73.52% and 100%, respectively.

Au-Loaded Superparamagnetic Mesoporous Bimetallic CoFeB Nanovehicles for Sensitive Autoantibody Detection

“…Moreover, the LOD of our assay system was significantly lower (i.e., higher sensitivity) than that of the conventional p53-ELISA kit (LOD ≈ 0.3 U/mL) . Furthermore, when compared with a recently reported advanced system using noble nanomaterials (Table S4), − our Au–CoFeB-based assay design showed superior performance with high sensitivity and robustness (our assay required <4 h to analyze a set of samples). For instance, our assay possessed much lower LOD than the reported Halotag fusion protein modification-based electrochemical platform (0.006 vs 0.34 U/mL, respectively) .…”

Development of Paper Microfluidics with 3D-Printed PDMS Barriers for Flow Control

“…Since the pioneering report as earlier as 2007, μPADs have been extensively used in molecular testing, environmental monitoring, and food quality inspection . This technique also demonstrates significant clinical impact in the field of rapid pathogen diagnosis, infection transmission determination, chronic disease monitoring, inflammatory disease monitoring, and endocrine dyscrasia monitoring . Compared with traditional laboratory-based assays, paper microfluidics shows great potential for commercialization since it is simple and highly integrated with multiple functions, allowing patients to perform self-testing without professional training …”