Laue lens for astrophysics: Extensive comparison between mosaic, curved, and quasi-mosaic crystals

Camattari, Riccardo

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526745

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Curved crystals are optimal candidates for focusing a hard X-ray beam with high efficiency (Bellucci, Camattari, Guidi, Neri & Barriè re, 2011;Camattari, 2016). We tested the sandblasted samples using -ray diffraction on the DIGRA facility at the ILL, a facility specifically built for characterizing instrumentation for astrophysics.…”

Section: Sandblasted Crystals As Optical Elements For Hard X-ray Concmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous self-standing curved monocrystals, obtained using sandblasting, to be used as manipulators of hard X-rays and charged particle beams

et al. 2017

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A technique to obtain self-standing curved crystals has been developed. The method is based on a sandblasting process capable of producing an amorphized layer on the substrate. It is demonstrated that the amorphized layer behaves as a thin compressive film, causing the curvature of the substrate. This procedure permits the fabrication of homogeneously curved crystals in a fast and economical way. It is shown that a sandblasted crystal can be used as an X-ray optical element for astrophysical or medical applications. A sandblasted bent crystal can also be used as an optical element for steering charged particles in accelerator beamlines. Several samples were manufactured and bent using the sandblasting method at the Sensor and Semiconductor Laboratory of Ferrara, Italy. Their curvature was verified using interferometric profilometry, showing a deformation in agreement with the Stoney formalism. The curvature of the machined samples was also tested using γ-ray diffraction at the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), Grenoble, France. A good agreement with the dynamical theory of diffraction was observed. In particular, the experiment showed that the crystalline quality of the bulk was preserved. Moreover, the method allowed curved samples to be obtained free of any additional material. Finally, a crystalline undulator was produced using sandblasting and tested using γ-ray diffraction at the ILL. The crystal showed a precise undulating pattern, so it will be suitable for hard X-ray production

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Section: Sandblasted Crystals As Optical Elements For Hard X-ray Concmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous self-standing curved monocrystals, obtained using sandblasting, to be used as manipulators of hard X-rays and charged particle beams

et al. 2017

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“…The first issue is currently studied by the scientific community working on X-ray manipulation. Several types of crystals have been proposed so far to be used as optical elements for hard X-ray diffraction (Camattari 2016). Here, we analyse the case of a Laue lens composed of curved diffracting planes (CDP) crystals.…”

Section: Laue Lens Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laue lens for radiotherapy applications through a focused hard x-ray beam: a feasibility study on requirements and tolerances

Camattari

2017

Phys. Med. Biol.

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Focusing a hard x-ray beam would represent an innovative technique for tumour treatment, since such a beam may deliver a dose to a tumour located at a given depth under the skin, sparing the surrounding healthy cells. A detailed study of a focusing system for hard x-ray aimed at radiotherapy is presented here. Such a focusing system, named Laue lens, exploits x-ray diffraction and consists of a series of crystals disposed as concentric rings capable of concentrating a flux of x-rays towards a focusing point. A feasibility study regarding the positioning tolerances of the crystalline optical elements has been carried out. It is shown that a Laue lens can effectively be used in the context of radiotherapy for tumour treatments provided that the mounting errors are below certain values, which are reachable in the modern micromechanics. An extended survey based on an analytical approach and on simulations is presented for precisely estimating all the contributions of each mounting error, analysing their effect on the focal spot of the Laue lens. Finally, a simulation for evaluating the released dose in a water phantom is shown.

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“…However, there is not currently a practical telescope to focus gamma-ray photons. Laue lenses to focus ∼MeV photons are just now being developed, and the implications for astronomical observatories are still being explored (Camattari, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of supernova remnants at very high energies with VERITAS

Wilcox¹

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The constant flux of cosmic rays that bombard Earth from within our own galaxy are understood to come from both shell-type supernova remnants and pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). Multiwavelength study of these objects can help us to understand what types of particles are accelerated, and gamma-ray emission is key to understanding the highest energy cosmic rays. In this thesis, I analyze and interpret observations made with the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS), a gamma-ray telescope located in Southern Arizona. LS 5039 and HESS J1825-137 occupy the same field of view on the sky and were observed for about 8 hours with VERITAS. LS 5039 is a gamma-ray binary, and the observations supports theories that the compact object hosts a PWN which is continuously interacting with the nearby star. HESS J1825-137 is a very extended PWN with an extent of diameter of > 1 • on the sky. Using the VERITAS observations, I am able to measure the radial profile and compare the gamma-ray luminosity to other PWN. DA 495, a "Crab-like" PWN with unusually strong magnetic fields, was observed for about 70 hours with VERITAS. In this study, results are combined with radio and X-ray spectral information to allow for detailed astrophysical modeling of the region. This broadband spectral modeling places constraints on the properties of the particle population in this PWN and allows for both leptonic and hadronic emission scenarios to be evaluated. Hadronic scenarios instil doubt on the pure PWN interpretation and favor a previously undetected shell-type remnant being present. v

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Laue lens for astrophysics: Extensive comparison between mosaic, curved, and quasi-mosaic crystals

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Homogeneous self-standing curved monocrystals, obtained using sandblasting, to be used as manipulators of hard X-rays and charged particle beams

Homogeneous self-standing curved monocrystals, obtained using sandblasting, to be used as manipulators of hard X-rays and charged particle beams

Laue lens for radiotherapy applications through a focused hard x-ray beam: a feasibility study on requirements and tolerances

Observations of supernova remnants at very high energies with VERITAS

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