Laughter-Induced Syncope: Literature Review

Abstract

Syncope is a common and pervasive medical problem. The etiology of 30-40% of syncope remains unknown. Laughterinduced syncope is a rare subtype of vasovagal syncope that is not well understood. With this literature review we hope to elucidate the epidemiology, symptomatology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapeutic options of laughter-induced syncope. Greater awareness of laughter-induced syncope may better direct clinical investigations and improve patient care.

Prone restraint death: Possible role of the Valsalva maneuver

“…Situational syncope is a reflex-mediated syncope occurring in clinical conditions associated to increased intrathoracic pressure. 43,44…”

“…At least four situational syncopal syndromes associated to an increase in intrathoracic pressure 43,44,55 can be associated to an individual's instinctive reaction during the restraint process.…”

“…Syncope is the end-result of sudden cerebrovascular hypoperfusion caused by hypotension and bradycardia. 44…”

“…Situational syncope is a reflex-mediated syncope occurring in clinical conditions associated to increased intrathoracic pressure. 43,44 In situational syncope, the respiration may be shallow and slow 45 and can even stop. 46 On the basis of the study by Cummin et al, 47 situational syncope should be considered a life-threatening complication during the restraint process.…”

“…43,53,54 Prone restraint studies depict direct correlations among increased static weight forces on the upper back of resting individuals and decreased inferior vena cava diameter, stroke volume, and cardiac output. [14][15][16] The individual's reaction to the restraint technique At least four situational syncopal syndromes associated to an increase in intrathoracic pressure 43,44,55 can be associated to an individual's instinctive reaction during the restraint process.…”