Laundry Cleaning of Textiles

Laurent, James Burckett St.; Buzzaccarini, Francesco de; Clerck, Karen De; Demeyere, Hugo; Labeque, Regine; Lodewick, R.; Langenhove, Lieva Van

doi:10.1016/b978-044451664-0/50003-6

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…By contrast, the evaluation of Legionella concentration between two SBSs groups showed a small percentage of concentration decrease (-14.31%) that, despite non-significant p-value, demonstrated how a short increase of temperature in SBSs was able to produce an effect on bacterial growth. This effect could promote H 2 O 2 /Ag + disinfectant activation, in line with a previous study which required a hot temperature for its activation [41].…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Although the role of disinfection treatments—in particular, physical treatment (e.g., flushing, superheating) and chemical treatment (e.g., chlorination by chlorine dioxide, monochloramines, and H 2 O 2 /Ag + ) [ 47 ]—in hospital hot-water distribution systems to control microbial contamination and biofilm formation are well-documented, these treatments are not applicable in SBSs for the following reasons: the thermostatic valve does not permit the temperatures required for such treatments (>50 °C) and some plastic materials cannot support high temperatures. Moreover, despite the fact that the HCFs hot-water distribution systems supply water treated by H 2 O 2 /Ag + to SBSs, the concentrations found at the SBS outlets (about 10–20 mg/L) were not able to control Legionella growth [ 41 ]. Therefore, the low water consumption and infrequent flushing reduced the disinfectant residuals at distal outlets, preventing adequate contact time for bacterial inactivation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sit bath systems: A new source of Legionella infection

et al. 2020

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Sit Bath Systems (SBSs) are the most common hygiene method for patients who are not self-sufficient. Therefore, the water quality of SBSs in the nosocomial environment plays a fundamental role in controlling infections for both patients and health-care workers. A long-term study on Legionella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P . aeruginosa ) contamination was performed in SBSs (n = 20) of six Health Care Facilities (HCFs). A total of 254 water samples were analyzed following ISO procedures. The samples were positive for P . aeruginosa (46.85%) and Legionella (53.54%), respectively, both over the directive limits. Legionella isolates were identified as: Legionella pneumophila ( L . pneumophila ) serogroups 1, 3, and 6 and Legionella non- pneumophila species ( L . anisa , L . londiniensis , L . rubrilucens , and L . nagelii ). Moreover, the contamination found was studied with respect to median temperature measured (42 °C), from which two groups (A and B) could be distinguished. P . aeruginosa was found in both groups (100% of SBSs), while a higher percentage of Legionella positive samples was found in group A (75% of SBSs), compared to group B (50% of SBSs), showing how Legionella control could be carried out by using temperatures above 42 °C. An analysis of SBS water pipelines, maintenance, and disinfection treatments indicates SBSs as a new source of infection risk for both patients and health-care workers.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sit bath systems: A new source of Legionella infection

et al. 2020

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“…12A). However, it is unlikely that H 2 O 2 is deprotonated in the physiological environment because it has a high p K a of 11.6 [33], The residues in the DMSMO active site possibly act as a general base (Fig. 12A).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction mechanism and kinetics of the two‐component flavoprotein dimethyl sulfone monooxygenase system: Using hydrogen peroxide for monooxygenation and substrate cleavage

Mangkalee,

Oonanant,

Aonbangkhen

et al. 2023

The FEBS Journal

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The dimethyl sulfone monooxygenase system is a two‐component flavoprotein, catalyzing the monooxygenation of dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) by oxidative cleavage producing methanesulfinate and formaldehyde. The reductase component (DMSR) is a flavoprotein with FMN as a cofactor, catalyzing flavin reduction using NADH. The monooxygenase (DMSMO) uses reduced flavin from the reductase and oxygen for substrate monooxygenation. DMSMO can bind to FMN and FMNH− with a Kd of 17.4 ± 0.9 μm and 4.08 ± 0.8 μm, respectively. The binding of FMN to DMSMO is required prior to binding DMSO2. This also applies to the fast binding of reduced FMN to DMSMO followed by DMSO2. Substituting reduced DMSR with FMNH− demonstrated the same oxidation kinetics, indicating that FMNH− from DMSR was transferred to DMSMO. The oxidation of FMNH−:DMSMO, with and without DMSO2 did not generate any flavin adducts for monooxygenation. Therefore, H2O2 is likely to be the reactive agent to attack the substrate. The H2O2 assay results demonstrated production of H2O2 from the oxidation of FMNH−:DMSMO, whereas H2O2 was not detected in the presence of DMSO2, confirming H2O2 utilization. The rate constant for methanesulfinate formation determined from rapid quenched flow and the rate constant for flavin oxidation were similar, indicating that H2O2 rapidly reacts with DMSO2, with flavin oxidation as the rate‐limiting step. This is the first report of the kinetic mechanisms of both components using rapid kinetics and of a method for methanesulfinate detection using LC–MS.

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“…Their main function is lowering a liquid’s surface tension, allowing it to spread over the surface easily, and they adsorb onto the soil, allowing them to remove the soil from the surface into the bulk liquid [ 14 ]. It is important to note that after the soil removal, it should be stabilized and suspended (via emulsification and dispersion) in the wash liquor to be rinsed via mechanical agitation [ 15 ]. When considering the design of new formulations, surfactant properties, such as molecular weight, critical micelle concentration (CMC), and hydrophilic–lipophilic balance ( HLB ) for the nonionic, must be considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Stage of the Development of an Eco-Friendly Detergent Formulation for Efficient Removal of Carbonized Soil

Fernandes¹,

Ferreira

Sebastião³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Detergent formulations for cleaning a carbonized soil—degreasers—typically comprise surfactants, organic solvents, phosphate-based cleaning agents, and alkaline agents, which results in high pH values (>11) that raise human and environmental risks. It is important to develop eco-friendly and safer degreasers, while maintaining their cleaning efficiency. In this work, simple degreaser formulations, with a pH below 11 and without phosphates, were developed by using a mixture of solvent, surfactant, and water to remove carbonized soil. The efficiency of the new degreaser formulations (with 5 wt% solvent, 5 wt% nonionic or ionic surfactant, and 90 wt% water) was evaluated by an abrasion test in the removal of carbonized soil from ceramic and stainless steel surfaces and compared with a commercial product. The results obtained show that the formulations comprising isopropylene glycol (IPG) with C11–C13 9EOs and diethylene glycol butyl ether (BDG) with octyltrimethylammonium octanoate ([N1118][C8O2]) present the best cleaning efficiency for both surfaces. The composition of these formulations was optimized for each surface using a mixture design. The resulting formulations, despite having a simpler composition, a pH lower than 11, and being phosphate-free, presented a cleaning efficiency equal or slightly higher than the commercial control. These results show that it is possible to design degreasers that are much less aggressive to the environment and user, while simultaneously fulfilling the market requirements.

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Laundry Cleaning of Textiles

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Sit bath systems: A new source of Legionella infection

Sit bath systems: A new source of Legionella infection

Reaction mechanism and kinetics of the two‐component flavoprotein dimethyl sulfone monooxygenase system: Using hydrogen peroxide for monooxygenation and substrate cleavage

First Stage of the Development of an Eco-Friendly Detergent Formulation for Efficient Removal of Carbonized Soil

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