Laurus nobilis: Composition of Essential Oil and Its Biological Activities

Caputo, Lucia; Nazzaro, Filomena; Souza, Lucã©ia Fatima; Aliberti, Luigi; Martino, Laura De; Fratianni, Florinda; Coppola, Raffaele; Feo, Vincenzo De

doi:10.3390/molecules22060930

Cited by 141 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Apricot EO acts against E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with an MFC of 23.4 mg/mL and C. parapsilosis with 11.70 mg/mL. Our findings are in agreement with those reported by several authors for the same species [16,29]. Table 2.…”

Section: Antimicrobial and Synergistic Effect Of Eosupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Three standard antimicrobial agents, namely fluconazol, vancomycin and ciprofloxacin, in combination with each EO were used to evaluate their synergistic effect by the checkerboard assay method described by Nafis et al [29]. This synergy has been studied by determining the new MIC of antibiotics in the presence of EOs at a lower concentration (MIC/4), based on preliminary tests [47].…”

Section: Evaluation Of Synergistic Effect Of the Eos With Conventionamentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Study of the in Vitro Antimicrobial and Synergistic Effect of Essential Oils from Laurus nobilis L. and Prunus armeniaca L. from Morocco with Antimicrobial Drugs: New Approach for Health Promoting Products

et al. 2020

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Laurus nobilis L. (laurel, Lauraceae) and Prunus armeniaca L. (apricot, Rosaceae) are important industrial crops and display significant biological properties, including antimicrobial activity. In this work, essential oils (EOs) prepared from the leaves of both species from Morocco were evaluated for the first time for possible synergistic in vitro antibacterial and antifungal effects with some conventional antimicrobial drugs, namely fluconazole, ciprofloxacin and vancomycin. Samples were further evaluated for chemical composition by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main volatile compounds detected in L. nobilis were eucalyptol (40.85%), α-terpinyl acetate (12.64%) and methyl eugenol (8.72%), while P. armeniaca was dominated essentially by (Z)-phytol (27.18%), pentacosane (15.11%), nonacosane (8.76%) and benzaldehyde (7.25%). Regarding antimicrobial activity, both EOs inhibited significantly all the microorganisms tested. The EO from L. nobilis had the highest activity, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 1.39 to 22.2 mg/mL for bacteria and between 2.77 and 5.55 mg/mL for yeasts. Conversely, the combination of the studied EOs with ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and fluconazol resulted in a noteworthy decrease in their individual MICs. In fact, of the 32 interactions tested, 23 (71.87%) demonstrated total synergism and 9 (28.12%) a partial synergistic interaction. The EO from L. nobilis exhibited the highest synergistic effect with all the antibiotics used, with fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index values in the range of 0.266 to 0.75 for bacteria, and between 0.258 and 0.266 for yeast. The synergistic interaction between the studied EOs and standard antibiotics may constitute promising anti-infective agents useful for treating diseases induced by antibiotic-resistant pathogens.

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Section: Antimicrobial and Synergistic Effect Of Eosupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Evaluation Of Synergistic Effect Of the Eos With Conventionamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of the in Vitro Antimicrobial and Synergistic Effect of Essential Oils from Laurus nobilis L. and Prunus armeniaca L. from Morocco with Antimicrobial Drugs: New Approach for Health Promoting Products

et al. 2020

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“…The presence of 1.8-cineole (33%) and trans-sabinene hydrate-acetate (15%) in E. gunnii EO probably contributes to the strong antibacterial activity of this EO, according to Nazzaro et al (2013). Indeed, 1.8-cineole is a well-known antibacterial agent with proven activity against all the microorganisms used in our experiments (Caputo et al, 2017). Furthermore, γ-terpinene and trans-sabinene hydrateacetate could enhance the E. gunnii EO ability to block the bacterial growth (Nazzaro et al, 2013), probably due to a synergistic mechanism (Dorman and Deans, 2000).…”

Section: Antibacterial Activitymentioning

confidence: 75%

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Essential Oils of Leptospermum petersonii and Eucalyptus gunnii

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical composition and to evaluate the antimicrobial and phytotoxic properties of the essential oils (EOs) obtained from leaves of Leptospermum petersonii chemotype "Variety B" and Eucalyptus gunnii, native to Australia. Geranyl acetate, γ-terpinene, geraniol, terpinolene, α-pinene, p-cimene, and linalool were the main components in L. petersonii EO, confirming also the existence of several chemotypes in such taxa; on the other hand, 1,8-cineole, trans-sabinene hydrate acetate, globulol, longicyclene, terpinolene, and camphene were present in major amounts in the E. gunnii EO. Chemical analysis of L. petersonii revealed that it belongs to the variety "B." E. gunnii EO showed good antibacterial activity, with an MIC of 0.5 and 2 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus, and Pectobacterium carotovorum, respectively. The activity of E. gunnii EO was stronger than L. petersonii EO, whose maximum MIC reached 5 µg/mL. E. gunnii and L. petersonii EOs were particularly effective in inhibiting the biofilm formation by S. aureus, already at a concentration of 0.01 µg/mL. The other strains were resistant to both EOs up to a dose of 0.05 µg/mL. The maximum inhibition on biofilm formed by P. carotovorum was recorded for E. gunnii EO, reaching a value of 93.12% at 1.0 µg/mL. This is the first manuscript which studies the biofilm inhibition by EOs and evaluates their effects on biofilm metabolism. Both EOs were more effective against P. carotovorum. In addition, even though L. petersonii EO 0.1 µg/mL was unable to inhibit biofilm formation by Escherichia coli, it decreased the metabolic activity of the biofilm to 78.55% compared to control; furthermore, despite it inducing a relatively low inhibition (66.67%) on biofilm formation, it markedly affected metabolic activity, which decreased to 16.09% with respect to the control. On the contrary, L. petersonii EO 0.5 µg/mL induced a 79.88% inhibition of S. aureus

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“…A direct relationship between the content of bioactive phenols and the biological activity of the L . nobilis EO has been previously reported, in which 1,8‐cineole was identified as a major phenolic compound (Caputo et al., 2017). However, it is difficult to correlate the antifungal activity of EOs with single compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Antifungal, antitoxigenic, and antioxidant activities of the essential oil from laurel (Laurus nobilis L.): Potential use as wheat preservative

Belasli

Miri

Aboudaou³

et al. 2020

Food Science & Nutrition

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Essential oils (EOs) are widely used in the food industry as natural food preservatives to extend product shelf life and as flavoring agents. The aim of this work was to study the chemical profile of the EO from laurel (Laurus nobilis) and its antifungal, antitoxigenic, and antioxidant activities. The extractive yield of the EO from Algerian laurel was 1.13% being 1,8‐cineole the most dominant compound (35.5%) by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. The values of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) against Aspergillus flavus were 1.75 and 2 mg/ml, respectively. The production of aflatoxin B1 was inhibited by EO concentrations between 0.25 mg/ml (15% decrease) and 1.50 mg/ml (86% decrease), and it was totally inhibited at the MFC value. The EO showed a wide antifungal spectrum against other species in a dose‐dependent manner. In a food‐model study, the L. nobilis EO showed remarkable efficacy in fumigated wheat grains, providing from 51.5% to 76.7% protection against A. flavus during 6‐month storage. The L. nobilis EO showed good free radical scavenging activity by DPPH assay (IC50 value of 602 μg/ml) and moderate antioxidant activity in the β‐carotene bleaching assay (46% inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation). The conclusions of this study justify future research for the application of EO from laurel as a natural preservative to improve food safety and extend shelf life by controlling spoilage and toxigenic molds as well as oxidative damage.

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Laurus nobilis: Composition of Essential Oil and Its Biological Activities

Cited by 141 publications

References 34 publications

A Comparative Study of the in Vitro Antimicrobial and Synergistic Effect of Essential Oils from Laurus nobilis L. and Prunus armeniaca L. from Morocco with Antimicrobial Drugs: New Approach for Health Promoting Products

A Comparative Study of the in Vitro Antimicrobial and Synergistic Effect of Essential Oils from Laurus nobilis L. and Prunus armeniaca L. from Morocco with Antimicrobial Drugs: New Approach for Health Promoting Products

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Essential Oils of Leptospermum petersonii and Eucalyptus gunnii

Antifungal, antitoxigenic, and antioxidant activities of the essential oil from laurel (Laurus nobilis L.): Potential use as wheat preservative

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