“…Their main objective has been to determine the extent to which students grasp syntactic features. Some of them have focused on students' grammar concepts, drawing on verbal data such as questionnaires, interviews, and classroom logs (König, 1992;Mesch & Dammert, 2015;Müller & Tophinke, 2015;Peyer, 1997;Riehme, 1972;Rose, 1997;Schübel, 2000;Schuttkowski, Rothstein, Schmitz & Gräsel, 2015;Spies, 1989). Other studies drew on test data to investigate students' grammar knowledge (Claus-Schulze, 1966;Funke, 2005;Habermann, 2013).…”