Lavender Aromatherapy in Recovery from Exercise

ROMINE, I. J.; Bush, Anita M.; Geist, Charles R.

doi:10.2466/pms.1999.88.3.756

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Moreover, it produces sedative effects: it slows reaction time (Yagyu, 1994; but see Millot et al, 2002), lowers performance on cognitive and other related tasks (Ludvigson and Rottman, 1989; but see Diego et al, 1988), slows heart rate (Romine et al, 1999), and reduces blood pressure (Louis and Kowalski, 2002;Nagai et al, 2000;Romine et al, 1999). Lavender also produces soporific effects, affecting sleep and EEG measures (Diego et al, 1998;Goel et al, unpublished;Hardy, 1991;Henry et al, 1994;Hudson, 1996;Klemm et al, 1992;Lorig and Schwartz, 1987;Lorig et al, 1990;Masago et al, 2000;Torii et al, 1988;Wolfe and Herzberg, 1996).…”

Section: Reprintsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Olfactory Discrimination and Transient Mood Change in Young Men and Women: Variation by Season, Mood State, and Time of Day

Goel

Grasso

2004

Chronobiology International

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Odor performance varies by clinical state and gender, though little is known about its variation by season or time of day. Many odors, including lavender, induce transient mood changes. This study explored discrimination differences between various lavender oil blends and their effects on transient mood in the morning and evening in depressed and nondepressed adults. We also determined seasonal influences on these measures. A total of 169 subjects, 98 women and 71 men (mean age +/- SD, 19.3 +/- 1.6 y) participated, with different subjects studied at different times of the year. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) classified subjects as depressed (score > or =10; N= 57) or nondepressed (score <10; N= 112). In the discrimination test, subjects compared pairs of two different lavender oil blends or a control. Transient change in mood was assessed by the Profile of Mood States (POMS) after each trial of five lavender blends interspersed by three control odors. Tests were conducted in the morning (08:00-10:00 h) and evening (18:00-20:00h). In all subjects, discrimination was significantly better for some odor pairs than for others, thus demonstrating test specificity. Discrimination was better overall in the fall than winter/spring and better in depressed than nondepressed subjects for specific odor pairs. No significant gender or time-of-day differences in discriminability were detected. There were, however, significant group differences in transient mood profiles. Current depressed state affected mood response, with lavender increasing anger in depressed subjects only. In addition, depressed subjects and men, whether or not depressed, exhibited diurnal mood variation, with better mood in the evening; the former group also showed more evening energy. All subjects were more confused in the morning than evening. Season also affected transient mood; winter/spring-tested subjects reported more vigor than fall-tested subjects. In addition, summer-tested subjects showed more tension in the morning, whereas fall-tested subjects showed the opposite pattern in the evening. In all subjects, lavender increased fatigue, tension, confusion, and total mood disturbance, and it decreased vigor. The study showed that both chronobiological (seasonal and time-of-day) and clinical factors modify discrimination and mood response to odors. Brief lavender odor presentation may serve as a nonphotic method for altering mood in young depressed and nondepressed adults particularly during the fall, a time of heightened discriminability.

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Section: Reprintsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Olfactory Discrimination and Transient Mood Change in Young Men and Women: Variation by Season, Mood State, and Time of Day

Goel

Grasso

2004

Chronobiology International

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“…14 The literature search for the current study used PubMed and CISCOM databases and identified eight randomized controlled trials using aroma alone compared to placebo. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] These studies varied greatly in subject numbers (4-313) and had poorly described methods. None evaluated the blinding of the placebo/control intervention (or equipoise) in relation to odor.…”

Section: Introduction Imentioning

confidence: 99%

A Single-Blinded, Randomized Pilot Study Evaluating the Aroma of Lavandula augustifolia as a Treatment for Mild Insomnia

Lewith

Godfrey

Prescott

2005

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

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Background: Insomnia is the most common of all sleep complaints and is under-researched. The current treatments of choice are conventional hypnotics agents, but these have potential for serious adverse reactions. Uncontrolled and anecdotal evidence suggests that lavender oil is an effective treatment for insomnia, but this has not been formally investigated.Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the proposed trial methodology and the efficacy of Lavandula augustifolia (lavender) on insomnia.Interventions: Interventions consisted of Lavandula augustifolia (treatment) and sweet almond oil as placebo/control. The aroma was supplied via an Aromastream device (Tisserand Aromatherapy, Sussex, UK).Design: This was a pilot study with randomized, single-blind, cross-over design (baseline, two treatment periods, and a washout period, each of 1 week duration).Subjects and setting: Volunteers with defined insomnia treated on a domiciliary basis participated in the study.Outcome measures: Outcomes were assessed with the following: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) indicating insomnia (score Ͼ5 at entry); Borkovec and Nau (B&N) Questionnaire evaluating treatment credibility; and Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire (HCAMQ) assessing attitudes to CAM and health beliefs.Results: Ten (10) volunteers (5 male and 5 female) were entered and completed the 4 week study. Lavender created an improvement of Ϫ2.5 points in PSQI (p ϭ 0.07, 95% CI Ϫ4.95 to Ϫ0.4). Each intervention was equally credible and belief in CAM did not predict outcome. Women and younger volunteers with a milder insomnia improved more than others. No period or carry-over effect was observed. Conclusion:The methodology for this pilot study appeared to be appropriate. Outcomes favor lavender, and a larger trial is required to draw definitive conclusions.

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“…It should be noted that some studies yielded no improvement following aromatherapy (Lindsay, Pitcaithly, Geelen, Buntin, Broxholme, & Ashby, 1997;Romine, Bush, & Geist, 1999) and in some cases, aromatherapy was associated with more disturbed behavior relative to controllno scent conditions (Brooker, Snape, Johnson, Ward, & Payne, 1997). Spector, Carey, Jorgensen, Meisler, and Carnrike (1993) found little reduction in speech anxiety following jasmine or spiced apple aromatherapy.…”

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confidence: 95%

Scent and Mood State following an Anxiety-Provoking Task

2004

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The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of water, lavender, or rosemary scent on physiology and mood state following an anxiety-provoking task. The nonsmoking participants, ages 18-30 years, included 42 women and 31 men who reported demographic information and measures of external temperature and heart rate were taken prior to introduction of an anxiety-eliciting task and exposure to lavender, rosemary, or water scents. Following the task, participants completed the Profile of Mood States to assess mood, and temperature and heart rate were reassessed. Participants rated the pleasantness of the scent received. When pleasantness ratings of scent were covaried, physiological changes in temperature and heart rate did not differ based on scent exposure, but mood ratings differed by scent condition. Participants in the rosemary condition scored higher on measures of tension-anxiety and confusion-bewilderment relative to the lavender and control conditions. The lavender and control conditions showed higher mean vigor-activity ratings relative to the rosemary group, while both rosemary and lavender scents were associated with lower mean ratings on the fatigue-inertia subscale, relative to the control group. These results suggest that, when individual perception of scent pleasantness is controlled, scent has the potential to moderate different aspects of mood following an anxiety-provoking task.

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Lavender Aromatherapy in Recovery from Exercise

Cited by 35 publications

References 2 publications

Olfactory Discrimination and Transient Mood Change in Young Men and Women: Variation by Season, Mood State, and Time of Day

Olfactory Discrimination and Transient Mood Change in Young Men and Women: Variation by Season, Mood State, and Time of Day

A Single-Blinded, Randomized Pilot Study Evaluating the Aroma of Lavandula augustifolia as a Treatment for Mild Insomnia

Scent and Mood State following an Anxiety-Provoking Task

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