Law Making Treaties: The Implication of International Law towards Indonesia’s Legislations

Abstract

In relation to promoting global issues in international forums, several sources of international law are formed. These formed laws are in the figure of law-making treaties, which are closely related to international regimes that influence the behavior of international actors. However, in developing countries, such as Indonesia, International law is considered the outermost layer of the legal order under national law, colonial law, religious law, and customary law. Thus, it is a challenge for international laws to be enforced in a broad society. Therefore to make international law hold an implementative power, the laws need to be adopted in the national law. This article aims to examine the implication of international laws, especially in international treaties towards Indonesia legislation. It is carried out by mapping a series of international treaties ratified and enacted through national laws in Indonesia. The results of this study demonstrates that until 2019 the Indonesian Government has bound itself in 302 agreements. From the 302 treaties, only 61 international treaties were Law-Making Treaty, and only UNCLOS 1982 has implicated by the Indonesian Government through Law No. 32 of 2014 concerning Maritime Law.

Position, Duties, and Authorities of the Deputy Regional Head in the Era of Reform

“…If we want to make a good position and authority of the deputy mayor, then we must be able to make a strong foundation first (Hasan, 2021). The source of the regional head greatly influences the position of deputy mayor, the authority of the regional leader itself was born from the mechanism for selecting the deputy mayor (Natamiharja et al, 2021). Therefore, the tool for electing deputy mayors is the beginning of the power of position and authority that regional heads will possess (Mindarti et al, 2021).…”