Law of Mass Action Based Kinetic Approach for the Modelling of Parallel Mass Transfer Limited Reactions: Application to Metallurgical Systems

Järvinen, Mika; Visuri, Ville‐Valtteri; Heikkinen, Eetu‐Pekka; Kärnä, Aki; Sulasalmi, Petri; Blasio, Cataldo De; Fabritius, Timo

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2016-241

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Most of the dissipation of kinetic energy into heat happens in these fine structures due to work done by molecular forces on the turbulent eddies. The EDC model assumes that the reactions occur in the fine scales occupied by the volume fraction which can be expressed by Equation (18), and the reacting species are assumed to react over a timescale expressed as Equation (19):…”

Section: Case 4-oxygen Injection In the Jet Zone Reactions Limited By...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it is emphasized that mixing and flow characteristics play an important role in the metallurgical converters, the optimization of metallurgical processes, such as the AOD converter, extends beyond fluid dynamics alone. The numerical development has also considered chemical reactions, where a lot of work has been dedicated to developing reaction models [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], involving decarburization of the steel, see Table 2. The critical carbon content and oxygen distribution in an AOD converter were investigated using a numerical kinetic reaction model [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these calculations have proven to be fast and efficient for process control purposes. To overcome the limitations associated with a static pressure, Järvinen et al addressed conservation equations in their kinetic and chemical reaction model of the AOD process [16][17][18][19]. They developed a rate expression based on the modified law of mass action, initially studying the model on a stagnant bubble and later expanding it to a full AOD converter with locally varying conditions of a rising gas plume.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Importance of Mixing Time in Intensely Stirred Metallurgical Reactors: Applied on Decarburization Reactions

Chanouian,

Larsson,

Ersson

2023

Metals

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In metallurgical converter processes, numerical modeling is a useful tool for understanding the complexity of the systems. In this paper, we present a practical model that couples fluid dynamics and chemical reactions to explore the impact of mixing time on decarburization. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), in this study, we investigate an arbitrary metallurgical reactor with continuous oxygen supply, focusing on the Fe–C–O system. The model employs local equilibrium, a turbulence limiter, and finite volume method for mass, momentum, and energy transfer. Tracer injection points in the gas plume’s rising region exhibit faster mixing, and a comparison of reaction cases reveals distinct decarburization rates based on oxygen injection distribution and the influence of turbulence on reactions. Overall, while mixing time matters, the results show that this system is primarily governed by thermodynamics and oxygen supply, and a 270% increase in mixing time increase had a small impact on the end carbon content.

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Section: Case 4-oxygen Injection In the Jet Zone Reactions Limited By...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Importance of Mixing Time in Intensely Stirred Metallurgical Reactors: Applied on Decarburization Reactions

Chanouian,

Larsson,

Ersson

2023

Metals

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“…The overall resistance of mass transfer constraints in two phases can be solved analytically by making use of the two‐film theory by Lewis and Whitman, [ 96 ] which may be extended also for competing mass transfer controlled reactions. [ 97 ] Nevertheless, it is oftentimes much simpler and more flexible to opt for a numerical solution approach; a detailed discussion on available approaches has been presented by Järvinen et al [ 98 ] A major challenge for the boundary layer approach is the uncertainty related to the interfacial area. Morales et al [ 65 ] defined the metal–slag interfacial area based on the stirring energy correlation of Themelis and Zhao.…”

Section: Thermochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Mathematical Process Models for the Electric Arc Furnace Process

Hay

Visuri

Aula

et al. 2020

steel research int.

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The electric arc furnace is the main process unit in scrap‐based steelmaking. Owing to its importance, numerous mathematical models for predicting the course of the electric arc furnace process have been developed. This article reviews mathematical process models proposed in the literature, identifying the most common modeling approaches, and uses mathematical descriptions for the main phenomena. Furthermore, the validation of such models is discussed in detail. Finally, the article identifies gaps in the existing knowledge and provides suggestions for the further development of mathematical process models.

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“…The smelting process can be carried out in stages according to the actual control method. However, the decarburization process is generally carried out at 8% to 1% of the carbon content of the raw material, and the maximum gas supply can be used continuously [7,8]. In the later stages of the smelting process, when the carbon content is roughly 1%, in order to avoid wasting oxygen and argon, only the bottom lance is used for the gas supply.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Adaptive Parameter Internal Mode Control Method for Argon–Oxygen Refining Ferrochrome Alloy

Han

Wen

et al. 2023

Processes

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In order to determine a way to be able to shorten the smelting time of low-carbon ferrochrome alloys and to strengthen the temperature control capability of the AOD converter during the smelting process, this article establishes a mechanism model of the rate of oxygen supply and carbon content change in the smelting process as well as the temperature of the reaction fluid in the converter. The physical and chemical reactions of the smelting process and the actual smelting data are used as the basis. The temperature and carbon content in the smelting converter are considered as the output quantity and the rate of oxygen supply is considered as the input quantity. An expert internal model control framework is built. In addition, an adaptive parameter adjustment mechanism is added to the control framework, taking into account data such as the maximum gas supply rate and the maximum limiting temperature of the actual production process. This method improves the smelting speed and smelting accuracy compared to the general internal mode control method. Finally, according to this method, with the use of the built low-carbon ferrochrome alloy centralized control system for smelting, the system shortens the smelting time by 12.79% compared with the general method and controls the converter temperature below 1950 K, which achieves the expected goal according to the simulation and actual smelting results.

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Law of Mass Action Based Kinetic Approach for the Modelling of Parallel Mass Transfer Limited Reactions: Application to Metallurgical Systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

The Importance of Mixing Time in Intensely Stirred Metallurgical Reactors: Applied on Decarburization Reactions

The Importance of Mixing Time in Intensely Stirred Metallurgical Reactors: Applied on Decarburization Reactions

A Review of Mathematical Process Models for the Electric Arc Furnace Process

Study on Adaptive Parameter Internal Mode Control Method for Argon–Oxygen Refining Ferrochrome Alloy

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