Layer-by-Layer-Assembled AuNPs-Decorated First-Generation Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer with Reduced Graphene Oxide Core as Highly Sensitive Biosensing Platform with Controllable 3D Nanoarchitecture for Rapid Voltammetric Analysis of Ultratrace DNA Hybridization

Abstract

The structure and electrochemical properties of layer-by-layer-assembled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-decorated first-generation (G1) poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PD) with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) core as a highly sensitive and label-free biosensing platform with a controllable three-dimensional (3D) nanoarchitecture for the rapid voltammetric analysis of DNA hybridization at ultratrace levels were characterized. Mercaptopropinoic acid (MPA) was self-assembled onto Au substrate, then GG1PD formed by the covalent functionalization between the amino terminals of G1PD and carboxyl terminals of rGO was covalently linked onto MPA, and finally AuNPs were decorated onto GG1PD by strong physicochemical interaction between AuNPs and -OH of rGO in GG1PD, which was characterized through different techniques and confirmed by computational calculation. This 3D controllable thin-film electrode was optimized and evaluated using [Fe(CN)] as the redox probe and employed to covalently immobilize thiol-functionalized single-stranded DNA as biorecognition element to form the DNA nanobiosensor, which achieved fast, ultrasensitive, and high-selective differential pulse voltammetric analysis of DNA hybridization in a linear range from 1 × 10 to 1 × 10 g m with a low detection limit of 9.07 × 10 g m. This work will open a new pathway for the controllable 3D nanoarchitecture of the layer-by-layer-assembled metal nanoparticles-functionalized lower-generation PD with two-dimensional layered nanomaterials as cores that can be employed as ultrasensitive and label-free nanobiodevices for the fast diagnosis of specific genome diseases in the field of biomedicine.

Covalently grafting first-generation PAMAM dendrimers onto MXenes with self-adsorbed AuNPs for use as a functional nanoplatform for highly sensitive electrochemical biosensing of cTnT

“…Additionally, the traditional cores of PAMAM dendrimers can be replaced with high-performance nanomaterials such as graphene to enhance their electrochemical behavior. Replacement results in hybrid heterostructures with modifiable surface functionality, good conductivity, high surface-to-volume ratios, enhanced stability, good biocompatibility, and remarkable molecule-loading capacity 17 , 18 . Such extraordinary matrices that get the most out of the advantages of each structure and have potentially synergistic effects are ideal electrode materials for sensors to improve sensitivity, stability, and specificity.…”

Hydrothermal-Freeze-Casting of Poly(amidoamine)-Modified Graphene Aerogels towards CO2 Adsorption

“…The number of functional amine groups on the surface of PAMAM dendrimer increases exponentially with the generation (G) of dendrimer. PAMAM dendrimers represent a favorite alternative in several fields, such as electrochemical sensing or adsorption applications, due to their relatively low production cost, biodegradability [21], and unique structural properties, such as surface chemistry, controllable size and structure, hydrophilicity, and chemical stability [22][23][24].…”

Inorganic nanoparticle-cored dendrimers for biomedical applications: A review

“…The intrinsic properties of dendrimers, such as a substantial surface area, abundant modifiable functional groups, considerable loading capacity, distinctive drug release kinetics, and dendritic formation, inspire researchers to graft or cultivate dendrimers on other nanostructures, thereby enabling the development of multifunctional complexes [ 54 ]. Nanostructures can be interconnected by dendrimers, enabling the fabrication of intricate structures that can be used for a wide variety of applications, including biosensing and theranostics [ [75] , [76] , [77] ]. Moreover, dendrimers are capable of altering the optical properties of specific nanostructures, such as QDs, resulting in unique properties such as fluorescence quenching and FRET phenomena [ 78 ].…”