Laying Characteristics of One- and Two-year Old Pheasants (<i>Phasianus colchicus</i>, L.)

Krystianiak, S.; Kontecka, H.; Nowaczewski, S.; Rosinski, A.

doi:10.3409/173491607780006362

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The lowest average values of the total erythrocyte count (2.66 ± 0.09 10 12 /L) and haemoglobin content (108.0 ± 2.9 g/L) were determined in week 6 of laying, which is roughly the period when the rate of laying of the common pheasant hen reaches its maximum, although the academic sources differ from this figure (e.g., Gibes et al [28], Woodard and Snyder [29], and Krystianiak et al [30]). A drop in the total number of erythrocytes ( P < 0.001) and haemoglobin ( P = 0.0356) in week 6 was followed by a significant increase in both indicators ( P < 0.001) in week 12.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological and Biochemical Parameters during the Laying Period in Common Pheasant Hens Housed in Enhanced Cages

Hrabčáková

Voslářová

Bedáňová

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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The development of selected haematological and biochemical parameters during the laying period was monitored in common pheasant hens housed in an enhanced cage system. The cages were enhanced by the addition of two perches and a shelter formed by strips of cloth hanging in the corner of the cage. The results showed significant changes in the haematological and biochemical parameters monitored during egg laying. At the time when laying capacity approached a maximum, a decrease was observed (P < 0.05) in haematocrit, erythrocytes, and haemoglobin values, whereas monocytes, eosinophils, the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio, phosphorus, and calcium exhibited an increase (P < 0.05). At the end of the laying period, an increase (P < 0.05) was recorded in the count of leukocytes, heterophils, lymphocytes and basophils, the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, and the concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase, cholesterol, phosphorus, and calcium, whereas lower values (P < 0.05) were recorded for haematocrit and plasma total protein in comparison with the values of the indicators at the beginning of the laying period. The results provide new information about dynamic changes in selected haematological and biochemical parameters in clinically healthy common pheasant hens during the laying period.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological and Biochemical Parameters during the Laying Period in Common Pheasant Hens Housed in Enhanced Cages

Hrabčáková

Voslářová

Bedáňová

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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“…The pheasant production model (Delacour, 1959;Fol, 1961;Béjar, 1995;Canning, 2005;García Martín, 2005;Torres et al, 1995;Krystianiak et al, 2007) is partly similar to other game birds, such as partridges and quails. In complete-cycle farms, breeding pheasants with ages usually ranging from one to four (in some cases, up to seven) years old, are kept, frequently outdoors, in pens in harems or in colonies (in both cases, in a sex ratio of 1:5 to 1:7 male-to-females).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typification and characterisation of the pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) game farms in Spain

Redondo

García-Domínguez

2012

Span. j. agric. res.

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This research typified and characterised the pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) game farms in Spain using structural and marketing variables. A structured survey was given to 25 private-owned farms in May 2010. A categorical principal components analysis performed to typify the farms yielded two dimensions. First dimension explained 50.5% of the variance and included the variables "number of females in the breeding flock", and "the farm is of complete-cycle or not". Second dimension explained 32.3% of the variance and included the variables "age of the farm" and "the farm advertises its activity in the game press". A cluster analysis differentiated four farm typologies. Farm type 1 included 28% of the farms, being recent (established between 1990 and 2003), complete-cycle and medium-sized (breeding flock of 15 to 300 females), with low advertising activity in the game press and without a hunting preserve. Farm type 2 included 28% of the farms, being the most recent (established between 1994 and 2008), without breeding flock, with low advertising activity, and most have hunting preserve. Farm type 3 included 20% of the farms, being old (established between 1983 and 1992), without breeding flock and with high advertising activity; 40% of them have hunting preserve. Farm type 4 included 24% of the farms, being old (established between 1980 and 1995), complete-cycle and high-sized (breeding flock of 50 to 1,000 females), with high advertising activity; most have hunting preserve. In conclusion, this is an alternative poultry sub-sector consolidated in Spain, despite being only three decades old.Additional key words: advertising; alternative poultry; hunting species; multivariate analysis. Resumen Tipificación y caracterización de granjas cinegéticas de faisán (Phasianus colchicus) en EspañaSe tipificaron y caracterizaron granjas cinegéticas de faisán (Phasianus colchicus) en España usando variables de estructura y comercialización obtenidas mediante encuesta a 25 granjas privadas en 2010. Un análisis de componentes principales categóricos realizado para tipificar las granjas generó dos dimensiones. La primera dimensión explicó el 50,5% de la varianza e incluyó las variables "número de hembras reproductoras" y "la granja es de ciclo completo o no". La segunda dimensión explicó el 32,3% de la varianza e incluyó las variables "edad de la granja" y "la granja se publicita en prensa cinegética". Un análisis de conglomerados subsiguiente diferenció cuatro tipologías de granjas. La tipología 1 incluyó al 28% de las granjas, siendo recientes (fundadas entre 1990 y 2003), de ciclo completo y tamaño medio (15 a 300 hembras reproductoras), con baja actividad publicitaria en prensa cinegética y sin coto de caza. La tipología 2 incluyó un 28% de las granjas, siendo las más recientes (fundadas entre 1994 y 2008), sin reproductores, con baja actividad publicitaria y la mayoría con coto. La tipología 3 incluyó un 20% de las granjas, siendo antiguas (fundadas entre 1983 y 1992), sin plantel reproductor y con elevada actividad pu...

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“…Another hypothesis may be to lay eggs in aviaries (environment very close to natural) in a broodable number, despite the gradual, daily pick-up. This is evidenced, among others, by Krystianiak et al (2007). The authors observed that pheasant hens in aviaries had average number of eggs in one clutch between 3 and 13.5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Kuzniacka et al (2005) also reported a high laying rate of pheasants at the peak of production. The fact that the reproductive performance of this species can vary was confirmed by Krystianiak et al (2007). The authors found that the highest egg laying value was obtained between weeks 3-9 of egg production and in this period, this value fluctuated around 70%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In Poland, like in the rest of the world, there are breeding centres and private game farms involved in the reproduction and raising of these birds. The profitability of pheasants breeding is influenced by many factors, including the number of hatching eggs and the number of healthy chicks obtained from one hen which is, in turn, dependent on the genotype, age, nutrition, and environmental conditions (Kuzniacka et al 2005;Nowaczewski and Kontecka 2005;Ksiazkiewicz et al 2006;Krystianiak et al 2007, Esen et al 2010. Eggshell colour was also found to have different effects on pheasant hatchability (Mroz and Pudyszak 2000;Krystianiak et al 2005;Kozuszek et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of housing system on reproductive results in ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus L.)

Kontecka¹,

Nowaczewski²,

Krystianiak³

et al. 2014

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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A comparative analysis of reproduction parameters and hatchability results of pheasants raised under two different housing systems (cages and aviaries) was performed. In the first system the pheasants were housed in 420 cages, 3780 from the total were females. In the second housing system, 3200 pheasant hens were placed in eight aviaries, where 50 cocks and 400 hens were kept in each. The following parameters were calculated: laying rate, the percentage of hatching, small and cracked eggs, hatchability from set and fertilized eggs, dead embryos up to day 8 of incubation and, finally, dead embryos after day 8 of incubation as well as unhatched, crippled, and weak chicks. The laying rate for the whole period of reproduction in pheasants kept in cages was significantly higher in comparison with aviaries (59.6 vs 27.2%). A higher (P ≤ 0.05) percentage of small and damaged eggs ( -x = 13.6) was recorded in aviaries. The percentage of dead embryos for eggs derived from aviaries, up to day 8 of incubation, was also significantly higher ( -x = 4.7%). There were no significant differences between the housing systems with respect to the remaining features. The results of the investigation made it possible to conclude that pheasants kept in cages were characterized by a higher laying performance with fewer eggs unsuitable for incubation. A lower mortality of embryos during the incubation process was found in eggs derived from pheasants reared in cages. Although there were no significant differences between the analyzed housing systems in terms of hatchability, a higher laying rate for pheasants kept in cages implies that more chicks could be obtained from every female.

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Laying Characteristics of One- and Two-year Old Pheasants (Phasianus colchicus, L.)

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Haematological and Biochemical Parameters during the Laying Period in Common Pheasant Hens Housed in Enhanced Cages

Haematological and Biochemical Parameters during the Laying Period in Common Pheasant Hens Housed in Enhanced Cages

Typification and characterisation of the pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) game farms in Spain

Effect of housing system on reproductive results in ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus L.)

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